Volume 28, Issue 1 (4-2026)
yafte 2026, 28(1): 30-37 |
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Khalili M, Vahed-Dehkordi N, Rahimi E. Dynamic Seasonal Risk Modeling and Feed Component Interaction Analysis of Aflatoxin B1 Contamination in Aquafeeds: A Novel Approach to Smart Feed-Safety Management. yafte 2026; 28 (1) :30-37
URL: http://yafte.lums.ac.ir/article-1-3904-en.html
URL: http://yafte.lums.ac.ir/article-1-3904-en.html
Department of Food Hygiene, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran & Department of Food Hygiene, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
Abstract: (6 Views)
Background: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination represents a major hazard in aquafeed and food safety, posing significant health and economic risks. Environmental conditions, particularly temperature and humidity, play a critical role in aflatoxin production by Aspergillus species. This study aimed to investigate seasonal variation in AFB1 and to evaluate the interaction between season and feed matrix type, including extruded complete feed, corn, soybean meal, and fish meal.
Materials and Methods: A one-year longitudinal study using systematic sampling was conducted across four seasons. AFB1 concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA) to assess the effects of season, feed matrix, and their interaction. Tukey’s post hoc test was applied for multiple comparisons.
Results: The results demonstrated a significant interaction between season and feed component on AFB1 concentration (P < 0.001). The highest contamination levels were observed in summer, where AFB1 concentrations in complete feed (6.84 ± 0.69 µg/kg) and corn (6.35 ± 0.28 µg/kg) exceeded the European Union maximum limit of 5 µg/kg. In contrast, fish meal remained below the limit of detection (LOD) across all seasons. The lowest contamination level was recorded in winter (1.40 ± 0.0039 µg/kg).
Conclusion: These findings indicate that AFB1 contamination is influenced by the interaction between season and feed matrix, with higher levels observed during warm seasons, particularly in corn and complete feed. Therefore, AFB1 monitoring programs should be seasonally based and matrix-specific, with enhanced screening during warmer periods.
Materials and Methods: A one-year longitudinal study using systematic sampling was conducted across four seasons. AFB1 concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA) to assess the effects of season, feed matrix, and their interaction. Tukey’s post hoc test was applied for multiple comparisons.
Results: The results demonstrated a significant interaction between season and feed component on AFB1 concentration (P < 0.001). The highest contamination levels were observed in summer, where AFB1 concentrations in complete feed (6.84 ± 0.69 µg/kg) and corn (6.35 ± 0.28 µg/kg) exceeded the European Union maximum limit of 5 µg/kg. In contrast, fish meal remained below the limit of detection (LOD) across all seasons. The lowest contamination level was recorded in winter (1.40 ± 0.0039 µg/kg).
Conclusion: These findings indicate that AFB1 contamination is influenced by the interaction between season and feed matrix, with higher levels observed during warm seasons, particularly in corn and complete feed. Therefore, AFB1 monitoring programs should be seasonally based and matrix-specific, with enhanced screening during warmer periods.
Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
قارچ شناسی پزشکی
Received: 2026/02/14 | Accepted: 2026/06/3 | Published: 2026/04/30
Received: 2026/02/14 | Accepted: 2026/06/3 | Published: 2026/04/30
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