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Anbara H, Shahrooz R, Mozafari A A, Malekinejad H, Morovvati H, Sheybani M T et al . Protective Effects of Ethyl Pyruvate and Vitamin E Against Phenylhydrazine-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice. yafte 2018; 20 (1) :52-67
URL: http://yafte.lums.ac.ir/article-1-2491-en.html

Background : Phenylhydrazine (PHZ) as a well-known hemolytic compound causes toxicity in different tissues. The present study aimed to evaluate the probable protective effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP) and vitamin E (vit E) against the damage caused by PHZ in mice kidney.
Materials and Methods: The adult male mice were divided into eight groups, with 8 mice in each group. The control group received normal saline (0.1ml/day, IP). The second group received PHZ (60mg/kg/48h, IP). The third group received PHZ along with vitamin E (100mg/kg/day, IP). The fourth group received ethyl pyruvate (40mg/kg/day, orally) along with PHZ, and the fifth group received vitamin E and ethyl pyruvate at the same dose as the previous groups, along with PHZ. The sixth group received vitamin E, the seventh group received ethyl pyruvate and the eighth group received vitamin E and ethyl pyruvate, with the same doses as previous groups, without the PHZ. After 35 days of treatment,  serum and kidney tissue were sampled for serological, histological and histomorphometrical study. 
Results: PHZ treatment caused a significant elevation (P<0.05) in the serum concentration of malondealdehyde, creatinine, urea and decreased serum level of total antioxidant capacity and albumin. Moreover, PHZ significantly (P<0.05) increased the luminal diameter of the proximal convoluted tubule and decreased (P<0.05) their epithelial cells height. Administration of vitamin E and ethyl pyruvate significantly improved the observed changes in these parameters.
Conclusion: It seems that EP and vit E, as free radical inhibitors, decreased the kidney toxicity induced by PHZ in mice.