Background: Thalassemia is the most common blood disorder in the world. This hereditary anemia, Which develops due to a constitutional imbalance in alpha and beta chains of adult haemoglobin (hbA), has serious and life- threatening complications (accompanied by haemolysis and bone deformities) in its major form. We may encounter a diverse collection of articles in world research centers about the investigations carried out on Thalassemic patients. In the present research non- specific immune cells (neutrophiles) of these patients have been evaluated, additionally it is to be determined if there is any relationship between neutrophil function and such parameters as: serum ferritin level- splenectomy,desferal injection and the number of transfusions. Materials and methods: We selected 30 patients with Beta-Thalassemia major, and 30 healthy persons as controls for neutrophiles from blood with Heparin anticoagulent (154/ml) with dextran 6% and used cold centrifugal for isolation of albicans candida from fungi collection upon SDA environment and in order to neutrophiles suspension, fungi from RPMI environment 1640 and PBS Bafer. The obtained data were analyzed by t-test or x-test. Results: The result of this research shows that the neutrophils of thalassemia major patients are like the control group from the number and opsonisation, introducing N.B.T., however they have a weak function to the control group from Chemotaxi and Killing the organism. Conclusion: In this research should patients with Beta tgalassemia major in comparison with control group have allergy to infection.

Keywords: Thalassemia, transfusion, desferal, phagocytosis, killing

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