Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
Distribution of ApoE polymorphisms in the Lur population
5
12
FA
farhad
shahsavar
toomaj
Sabooteh
mehrzad
Jafarzadeh
Background: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) contributes to susceptibility to many different kinds of diseases. The aim of this study was genotypic analysis of ApoE in the Lur population for the first time.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 100 unrelated healthy Lur individuals were ApoE polymorphisms typed by polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Finally, the allele and genotype frequency of ApoE polymorphisms in the Lur population was compared with the Iranian population.
Results: Six ApoE genotypes and all of the ApoE polymorphisms were observed in the Lur population. genotype with the frequency of 48% was the most frequent genotype in the Lur population. Also, the most common allele in the Lur population was .
Conclusion: The results indicate that the frequency of ApoE polymorphisms has total similar features reported in the Iranian population, but it is still unique by increasing or decreasing some frequencies in the Lur population.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
Predictive factors of mother-child communication patterns in the mothers referred to Khorramabad Shahid Madani hospital in 2012
13
22
FA
khatereh
Anbari
abbas
Mahdavian
sattar
Nadri
Background : The quality of mother-child relationship play an important role in personality shaping, social functioning and mental health of children in the future . This study was designed to evaluate the prognostic factors of mother - child relationship patterns. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study 110 mothers admitted to children's hospital of Khorramabad selected by consecutive sampling method. Data gathering tool was Mother - Child Relationship Evaluation (MCRE) questionnaire. At first the view points of the mothers about four communication patterns including: over protection, child rejection, overneglignce and child acceptance were examined, then according to each pattern cut off, the type of communication pattern was determined. Fisher's exact test and linear regression were used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of participants was 28.6±6.46. Communication pattern in 66.4% of the mothers was over protection and 19.1% of them had overneglence pattern. Also communication pattern in 12.8% of the participants was child acceptance and 1.8% followed from child rejectoin communication pattern. A significant statistical relation was seen between age, education level, marital status, mothers residence and pregnancy status with the pattern of their relationship (P <0.05). In linear regression analysis, most important factors in predicting the communication pattern were single parent and unplanned pregnancy. Conclusion: Raising awareness of mothers through workshops can increase proper child skills and led to the development of social skills and reducing child behavior problems in the future.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
prevalence and types of congenital heart disease in babies born in the city of Khorramabad (2007- 2011)
23
29
FA
azam
Mohsenzadeh
sasan
saket
shokofeh
Ahmadipour
babak
Baharvand
Background: Congenital heart disease is the most common congenital malformations in newborns. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of congenital heart disease in babies born in the city of Khorramabad.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional. Sampling method was census. All babies born in the city of Khorramabad from 2007 to 2011, whom their first echocardiogram was diagnosed with congenital heart disease, were studied. The studied variables included sex, premature birth, cyanosis, anomalies of other organs, maternal age over 40 years, consanguineous parents, drug use during pregnancy, maternal medical history, a history of congenital heart disease in the mother and types of heart abnormality. Data collected through questionnaire and statistically analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: Of 43195 newborns177 cases had congenital heart disease. The incidence of congenital heart disease per 1,000 live births in the study was 4.2. In this study ventricular septal defect (44%) and atrial septal defect (21 %) were the most common congenital malformations of the heart. 63.8% of neonates with congenital heart disease were male(p=0.005), 80.4 % term infants(p<0.001) , 93.5 % of them had no cyanosis, consanguineous parents 28%,congenital heart diseases in parents 10.3 %, history of diabetes in 9.3 % of mothers and 5.6% of newborns had other anomalies such as cleft lip and palate.
Conclusion: In this study, ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect were the most common congenital malformations of the heart and frequency of boys was approximately twice of girl.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
Prevalence of child abuse in Khorramabad junior high school students, 2012
31
39
FA
farideh
Malekshahi
ali
Farhadi
Background: Child abuse is a global problem and occurs in a variety of forms and is deeply rooted in cultural, economic and social practices. Child abuse is a behaviour which causes physical, psychological, emotional or sexual abuses, consequentlylead to damage of children,s health, peace of mind and education. Based on these considerations, the present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of child abuse among junior high school students of Khoramabad in 2012. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 907 junior high school students randomly selected .Data collection tool was a multiple questionnaire incloding child and parents’ demographic information, and a physical emotional abuse and neglect questionnaire. It,s validity and reliability was done by content validity and Test re test. Data were analysed using SPSS v. 19. Results: The findings of this study showed that average age of the cases was 13.36±1.04 and 5.4% of them were always under physical abuse and the most physical abuse was slap on the face , 7.3% emotional abuse and 5.5% neglect. Statistical test showed a significant relation between abuses and parents, educational level, job, addiction and divorce. Conclusion: Results showed that child abuse is common among families, therefore, monitoring of children, ratification of rules supporting children, planing and administration of preventive educational programs can be effective to reduce child abuse.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
Design and construction of a recombinant gene construct expressing the cell protective gene
40
51
FA
aliasghar
Kiani
raheleh
Halabian
mahriar
Habibi Roudkenar
mahshid
Mohammadipour
ali
Sheikhian
masoume
Kashi
Background : Genetic manipulation is an effective strategy to protect cells against environmental damages and enhance their capabilities for therapeutic usage. In order to avoid unwanted side effects, such as cancers, the expression of genes should be temporary increased. The aim of this study was to clone and temporary increased expression of a cell protective gene, Metallothionein 1 (MT1) in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using plasmid expression system with the pcDNA 3.1 vector. Materials and Methods: Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and validated by flow cytometry method. Complete cDNA sequence of MT1 gene was isolated and cloned in a plasmid vector named pcDNA 3.1. Recombinant gene construct was generated and transferred to the human MSCs. MT1 expression was monitored by RT-PCR and western blotting. Results: Recombinant human MT1 gene was successfully cloned in pcDNA vector and the correct format gene in the vector was confirmed by DNA sequencing. By RT-PCR and western blot methods, increased MT1 expression in MSCs was approved. The results showed that the expression of MT1 in the MSCs was transient. Conclusion: Genetic manipulation of MSCs by MT1using pcDNA 3.1 plasmid vector may be one of the protective strategies for transplanted cells from apoptosis and promote a new approach to provide an effective cell therapy after transplantation.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
Frequency of positive results of vibroacoustic stimulation test in evaluating fetus health of pregnant women with non-reactive NST
52
61
FA
soheila
Akbari
seyedeh fereshteh
Salehi Amiri
parvin
Asti
mahin
Adeli
Background : Non-Stress Test (NST) is one of the most common methods used to evaluat fetus health, which its results are presented as reactive and non-reactive. One of the limitations of this test is the high number of false non-reactive cases. Different studies have suggested a combination of vibroacoustic stimulation and NST to reduce the number of non-reactive cases and duration of the test. Materials and Methods: The present study examined a group of tests, and used simple randomized sampling. The number of the sample was 55 individuals and the data collection tools were NST, sonography instruments, NST result paper, a tooth brusher, a watch, a demographic questionnaire, and a checklist. Vibroacoustic stimulation with an electronic brush was performed on fetus head situated on mother’s abdomen for 3 seconds and then NST was continued for a further 20 minutes. Then the results were recorded. The obtained data were gathered by SPSS 19 software, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: In this study, 85.5% of the non-reactive cases changed into reactive through vibroacoustic stimulation. The amount of false positive was lower with vibroacoustic stimulation in comparison with NST. Conclusion: Vibroacoustic stimulation, as a technique for evaluating fetus health, makes it possible to save time, costs and personnel. It is also leads to sooner and better diagnosis of fetus health.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
The effect of traditional games and ordinary games on manipulative skills development in educable mental retarded boys
61
71
FA
hamid reza
Gheiji
hasan
Kordi
ahmad
Farokhi
abbas
bahram
Background : Manipulative skills are one of the fundamental skills subtitles which is used in most of daily and sports activities. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of traditional games and ordinary games on manipulative skills development in 8-10 years old Gorgan boys with educable mental retardation. Materials and Methods: Personal information was evaluated by the researcher made questionnaire and children's intelligence by the Wechsler test. Also, manipulative skills were assessed by the Test of Gross Motor Development- edition 2 (TGMD-2) in pre-test. Then, participants were distributed into two groups traditional games (n=15) and ordinary games (n=15) randomly. Post-test of TGMD-2 were done from two groups after 8 weeks training (3 sessions per week and 45 min for each session). Data analyzes was done by independent t-test, paired t-test and variance analysis with repeated measurement in a significant rate (α= 0.05). Results: The two groups showed significant improvements in manipulation skills, but the improvement of traditional games group was significantly more than ordinary games group in all of measured manipulating skills (throwing, catching, kicking, striking, dribbling , rolling a ball) (p<0.05). Conclusion: It can be said, selected traditional games could be an appropriate program for the manipulative skills development of children.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
The effects of cardiac rehabilitation program on exercise capacity and coronary risk factors in CABG Patients aged 45-65
72
81
FA
rahim
Mirnasuri
gita
Mokhtari
majid
Ebadifara
zahra
Mokhtari
Background : Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most common cause of mortalily and inability. In Iran, one third of mortality causes are coronary heart diseases. So, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a Cardiac Rehabilitation program (CR) on exercise capacity (VO2max) and coronary risk factors in CABG patients aged 45-65 . Materials and Methods: Of 36 CABG patients randomly selected from Hamadan Shahid Beheshti hospital, 18 subjects as experimental group (with mean age 54.57±6.26 years and weight 72.14±10.83 kg participated in CR program), and 18 subjects as control group (with mean age 57.64±4.75 years and weight 76.5±12 kg without participation in any exercise and CR program) participated in this study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. CR program was an eight-week involving warm-up, aerobic exercises and cool-down. Variables including: anthropometrics measurements and exercise capacity (VO2max), and also coronary risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), LDL-HDL ratio (LHR), body fat percent (BFP) were determined at the first and the last week of CR program in both groups. Results: Statistical analysis by independent t-test indicated that after program, there was a significant difference between 2 groups in VO2max, BMI, WHR, SBP, DBP, TC, TG, LDL, LHR (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in FBS, HDL, BFP. Conclusion: The CR program of the present study indicated a significant effect on exercise capacity and some coronary risk factors profile in CABG patients of 45-65 and can it be considered as a suitable program for CABG patients.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
The assessment of khorramabad River water quality with National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index and Zoning by GIS
82
92
FA
abdolrahim
Yusefzadeh
ghodratollah
Khorramabadi Shams
hatam
Godini
edris
Hoseinzadeh
mehdi
safari
Background : Rivers are a fraction of flowing waters in the worlds and one of the important sources of water for different consumptions such as agricultural, drinking and industrial uses. The aim of this study was to assess water quality of the Khorramrood River in Khorramabad by NSFWQI index. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, quality parameters needed for NASWQI index calculation such as BOD5, dissolved oxygen (DO), total nitrate, fecal coliform, pH, total phosphate, temperature, turbidity and total suspended solids content were measured for six months (from July to December 2012)using standard methods at six selected stations. The river zoning conducted by GIS software. Results: According to the results obtained through this study, the highest and the lowest water quality value was observed in stations 1 and 6 with NSFWQI indexes 82 water with good quality, 42 water with bad quality, respectively. With moving toward last station (from 1 to 6 station) water pollution increased. Conclusion: Results of the study indicated that water quality index NSFWQI is a good index to identify the effect of polluter sources on the river water. Based on the average of the index NSFWQI, water quality in station one was good, in the second, third and fourth stations were mediocre and the fifth and sixth stations had bad quality. These results allow to make decisions about monitoring and controlling water pollution sources, as well as provide different efficient uses of it by relevant authorities.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
Study of anxiety symptoms in drawing-a-person test of Khorramabad 10 years old children
93
103
FA
hosein
Ebrahimi Moghaddam
afsaneh
Badrizadeh
ali
farhadi
Background: Anxiety disorders are among the most common disorders in children that may lead to many other disorders for them such as low self-esteem, social isolation, poor social skills and educational problems. Considering the importance of these disorders, we decided to measure the symptoms of anxiety in drawing-a-person test for children of Khorramabad city.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study 455 students in the fourth grade of primary school in Khorramabad were selected using cluster sampling and using the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) their anxiety was evaluated. Then 102 cases selected for the test (51 cases among children who had obtained a high score on indicated scale) and control group (51 cases among children who had low score on indicated scale). Drawing-a-person test executed. Finally, indicators were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), inferential statistics tests (Chi-square test and t test) and SPSS software.
Results: Significant signs (p>0.05) in test group children (anxious) were: small eyes, very bold graphic lines, parallel lines shaded and plaid, scrawl and repeated cleaning - abnormal physical state, to use black color, anxious face of dummy, small head, long legs, big feet, horizontal and inflexible arms and closed hands. Also signs of anxiety were significant based on sex in drawing-a-person test.
Conclusion: According to findings of the present research and importance of anxiety disorders recognition in childhood and its impact on life time, it is suggested to pay more attention to these signs of children's drawings. Through timely diagnosis of children with anxiety disorders, future impacts of anxiety can be prevented.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
Serum ferritin and liver enzymes ratio and their agreement with NAFLD severity
104
111
FA
soodabeh
Aliashrafi
mehrangiz
Ebrahimi-Mameghani
pardis
Irandoost
fatemeh
Hamzavi
Background : Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease. NAFLD is characterized by elevated liver enzymes and serum ferritin concentration due to damage and abnormal function of liver cells. Increased level of serum ferritin as a parameter of liver function is commonly observed .The aim of this study was to determine the agreement between serum liver with liver and ferritin echogenicity in NAFLD patients.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 60 NAFLD patients confirmed by ultrasonography in Tabriz. Fasting blood samples were taken for assessment of Alanin aminotransferase, Aspartat aminotransferase and ferritin level. Weight and height were measured. Liver enzymes ratio were estimated and classified into tertile.
Results: The mean of serum ferritin was126.34±108.25 ng/ml and was significantly associated with severity of liver echogenisity (p=0.016). Significant relationship was observed between fatty liver severity and ALT/AST ratio (p=0.004) with good agreement (Kappa value= 68.3%) while the ratio of ferritin to liver enzymes was not significantly associated with the severity of NAFLD.
Conclusion: This study suggests significant agreement between severity of fatty liver and ferritin and liver enzymes ratio in NAFLD patients but not with the ratio of ferritin to liver enzymes.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Yafteh
1563-0773
15
5
2014
3
1
The evaluation of cardiac changes following endurance training in male Wistar rats
112
123
FA
mohammad
Fathi
reza
Gharakanlou
saeed
Abroun
manizheh
Mokhtari-Dizaji
raziye
Rezaei
Background: The aim of this study was accurate evaluation of cardiac responses to endurance training using two presented methods of m-mode and weigh in rats, and also evaluation of training induced changes in heart and left ventricular in the proporation of body weight, tibia length and body surface area. Materials and Methods: 20 male Wistar rats (209–231 g) were selected they were randomly divided into two groups, and housed in a standard condition. Trained group completed an endurance protocol (14 weeks). The dimensions and weight of heart were measured by ultrasound and balance respectively and were relatively evaluated based on tibia length, body surface area and body weight. Statistical differences between the groups were calculated by independent t test, and the minimal significance level was established at P ≤ .05. Results: The left ventricular end diastole diameter in trained group was significantly more than control group, in compounded parameters, only the FS and SV were significantly different. With normalizing, the differences have become more marked. Conclusion: It seems to assess cardiac adaptations induced by endurance activities, m-mode method is more reliable, in addition to normalization of weight indexes, body weight and BSA which are associated with the energy consumption are proposed.