Yafteh

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the common chronic diseases. Some vegetables and oils may reduce the inflammation in RA and citrus fruits, tomatoes, red meat and salty pickles may worsen the pain and tenderness in joints. The objective of this study is to compare dietary intake of some foods in female RA patients with healthy control group. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 44 female RA patients were compared with 41 healthy age-matched controls. Quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was filled to achieve dietary patterns as interview. The data were analyzed by Kolmogrov-Smirnov and histogram for normality test and Mann U Whitney test for comparing differences between groups using SPSS software version 13.5. Results: mean ± standard deviation of body mass index (BMI) was 28.6±3.95 and 28.23±4.32 in RA and control groups respectively. Weekly intake of tomato, cantaloupe, tea and spinach in cases was higher than that of controls (p<0.001) although yogurt (p=0.001), berries (p=0.01), peach (p<0.001), coffee (p<0.001), fast foods (p=0.009), fried foods (p=0.003) and mango (p<0.001) were less common foods in RA patients rather than controls. Conclusion: RA patients had more rate of overweight, but difference between two groups were not significant. The intake of some allergen foods like tomato and cantaloupe was higher in RA patients and some antioxidant-rich foods were eaten less in patients compared with controls so,weight reduction and consumption of more fresh vegetables are recommended.

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Background : Administration of Gentamicin is restricted due to its nephrotoxicity. Many studies have demonstrated that free radicals induced Gentamicin- nephrotoxicity. Olive leaf contains some antioxidant biophenols such as Oleuropin. In this study for the first time the effect of hydroalcohlic olive leaf extract on Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated. Materials and Methods: 35 male Sprague-Dowley rates were randomly divided into five groups. The first group served as a control and injected with the normal saline. Nephrotoxicity induced by Gentamicin (100 mg/kg) in experimental groups for 12 days. Three groups were treated with hydroalcohlic olive leaf extract (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg respectively). The rats were killed on the twelfth day.Plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) and creatinine concentrations were measured. Kidney sections were prepared and stained with PAS method for histopathological studies. Results: hydroalcohlic olive leaf extract at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/d significantly reduced gentamicin-induced tubular necrosis (p<0.05) and inhibited decreases of proximal tubule volume density (p<0.05). hydroalcohlic olive leaf extract at 50 and 100 mg/kg/d significantly reduced lymphocyte infiltration in comparison with Gentamicin administrated rats (p<0.05). Gentamicin increased level of MDA. Treatment with extract (100 mg/kg/d), significantly reduced level of MDA compared with other groups (p<0.05).Use of extract at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/d significantly inhibited increase of serum creatinine (p<0.001). Treatment with extract (50 mg/kg/d), significantly inhibited increase of serum urea (p<0.05). Conclusion: Hydroaleohlic olive leaf extract can reduce Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and this effect is probably depends on antioxidant properties of this extract.

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Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the autoimmune diseases with unknown etiology that its prevalence in females to males is 3 to 1. This disease has positive relationship with occurrence of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases are taken into account for 50% of death in RA. Regarding the recent researches, antioxidant supplements may have important role in serum lipids reduction and atherosclerosis prevention, due to control oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined antioxidant supplement on serum lipids in RA patients. Materials and Methods: A pre-post study was conducted in a 3 month period on 40 female RA patients which receiving daily one Selenplus capsule (selenium 50mcg, zinc 8mg, vitamin A 400mcg, vitaminC 125mg and vitaminE 40mg). Five ml venous blood was taken from all participants and serum levels of total cholesterol (TChol), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-c) were measured with enzymatic kits and low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) levels were calculated by Freidwald formula before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by Shapiro-Wilk test and histogram with normal distribution for normal distribution, and for differences between pre-post data SPSS software version 13.5 was used. Results: Out of 40 patients, 39 completed the study. There were significant differences among TChol, TG, TG/HDL-c and LDL-c values (p<0.01, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001 respectively) but no significant differences were seen among HDL-c and HDL-c/LDL-c . Conclusion: The daily intake of combined antioxidant supplement may have positive effect in improving lipid profile and it may reduce atherosclerosis risk in female RA patients.

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Background: Anxiety disorders are among the most common disorders in children that may lead to many other disorders for them such as low self-esteem, social isolation, poor social skills and educational problems. Considering the importance of these disorders, we decided to measure the symptoms of anxiety in drawing-a-person test for children of Khorramabad city. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study 455 students in the fourth grade of primary school in Khorramabad were selected using cluster sampling and using the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) their anxiety was evaluated. Then 102 cases selected for the test (51 cases among children who had obtained a high score on indicated scale) and control group (51 cases among children who had low score on indicated scale). Drawing-a-person test executed. Finally, indicators were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), inferential statistics tests (Chi-square test and t test) and SPSS software. Results: Significant signs (p>0.05) in test group children (anxious) were: small eyes, very bold graphic lines, parallel lines shaded and plaid, scrawl and repeated cleaning - abnormal physical state, to use black color, anxious face of dummy, small head, long legs, big feet, horizontal and inflexible arms and closed hands. Also signs of anxiety were significant based on sex in drawing-a-person test. Conclusion: According to findings of the present research and importance of anxiety disorders recognition in childhood and its impact on life time, it is suggested to pay more attention to these signs of children's drawings. Through timely diagnosis of children with anxiety disorders, future impacts of anxiety can be prevented.

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Background : Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease. NAFLD is characterized by elevated liver enzymes and serum ferritin concentration due to damage and abnormal function of liver cells. Increased level of serum ferritin as a parameter of liver function is commonly observed .The aim of this study was to determine the agreement between serum liver with liver and ferritin echogenicity in NAFLD patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 60 NAFLD patients confirmed by ultrasonography in Tabriz. Fasting blood samples were taken for assessment of Alanin aminotransferase, Aspartat aminotransferase and ferritin level. Weight and height were measured. Liver enzymes ratio were estimated and classified into tertile. Results: The mean of serum ferritin was126.34±108.25 ng/ml and was significantly associated with severity of liver echogenisity (p=0.016). Significant relationship was observed between fatty liver severity and ALT/AST ratio (p=0.004) with good agreement (Kappa value= 68.3%) while the ratio of ferritin to liver enzymes was not significantly associated with the severity of NAFLD. Conclusion: This study suggests significant agreement between severity of fatty liver and ferritin and liver enzymes ratio in NAFLD patients but not with the ratio of ferritin to liver enzymes.

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Background: Since the essential of positive psychological components, as compliment of deficiency oriented approaches, has begun in recent days,we decided to take into account this new branch of psychology which scientifically considers studying forces of human, as well as because of the importance of this branch of psychology, we also tried to search the contribution of emotional intelligence and parenting styles components to predict positive psychological components. Materials and Methods:In this cross sectional study 200 psychological students of Azad university (Rudehen branch) selected using cluster sampling method. Then they were estimated by Bradbery and Grivers emotional intelligence questionnaire , Bamrind parenting styles and Rajayi et al positive psychological components questionnaire. Research data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), inferential statistics (multiple regression and Pierson correlation coefficient) and SPSS software. Results:Among the components of emotional intelligence, the component of emotional self consciousness (β=0.464) had the greatest predictable , and reaction leadership showed no predictability in this research between parenting styles , authority parenting styles had positive significance relationship with positive psychological components. And no significant relationship was found between despot parenting styles and positive psychological components. Conclusion: Regarding the results of this research and importance of positive psychological components, it is suggested to treat the emotional intelligence from childhood and to learn it to parents and remind them the parenting way to decrease the satisfaction of individuals which leads to promotion of society mental health.

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Background : Diabetes mellitus is one of the prevalence metabolic disorders in the worldwide. Studies have shown that fruits, vegetables and drinks that are rich in phenolic and antioxidants components may reduce cardiovascular and diabetes diseases. One of these fruits is Pomegranate that is rich in phelavonoid. Therefore, this study was designed to determine pomegranate juice effect on fast blood sugar, lipid profile, anthropometry, total antioxidant capacity and blood pressure in diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods: In the present study, 50 patients with diabetes aged 30-50 were recruited into the study and randomly assigned into 2 groups:1) intervention group (n=25) that fed 240cc pomegranate juice daily, 2) control group (n=25) that fed 240cc water daily. Weight, hip circumstance, waist circumstance, lipid profile (HDL-C, LDL-C, TG, TC) glucose, HbA1C, GPX, total antioxidant capacity, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured at the baseline and end of 8 weeks.

Results: Insulin resistance, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body weight, hip circumstance, waist circumstance decreased significantly and GPX increased in intervention group whereas pomegranate juice had no significant effect on glucose, HbA1C, lipid profile and total antioxidant capacity.

Conclusion: These findings indicate that beneficial effect of pomegranate juice on insulin resistance, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body weight, hip circumstance, waist circumstance, GPX

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