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Volume 5, Issue 2 (1-2004)
Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is among the most common, serious, chronic and life- threatening illnesses in the world. CAD represents a spectrum of conditions, with acute myocardial infarction at one end of it and silent ischemia at the other. There is growing evidence on importance of prognosis of C- reactive protein (CPR) in unstable angina and this protein is a maker of an adverse prognosis. Materials and Methods: In this cross- sectional research. We study all of the patients that admitted in the coronary care unit of the Shahid Rahimi hospital with unstable angina (n=32) and acute myocardial infarction (n=32), but exclude the patients with exclusion criteria. Complete clinical data and blood samples for laboratory measurements were collected on admission. A baseline ECG were obtained at entry and 12 hours later. A CFM echocardiogram was performed within initial 24 hours. Serum CPR levels were measured on admission and at time of hospital discharge. All patients were followed up for 14 days after discharge. Findings: Patients with MI showed a striking higher CPR during the duty period than with UA. The occurrence of cardiac events at 14 day follow up was related to CPR level at 48 hours and hospital discharge (p=0.02). CPR levels correlated inversely with ejection fraction (r=-0.44). Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that the CPR were significantly higher in patients with acute myocardial infraction than patients with unstable angina. Elevated levels of CPR were associated with cardiac events out of hospital during a 14- day follow up.
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2004)
Background: Patients with beta-thalessemia major present with severe anemia and need continous transfusion therapy. An important complication of beta-thalessemia major is iron deposition in cardiac tissue, resulting in fibrosis and dysfunction. Cardiac involvement is the major cause of death in beta-thalessemia major. The purpose of this study was to assess cardiac disease patients with beta-thalessemia major. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 100 patients affected by beta-thalessemia major who referred to Shahid Madani Hospital in Khorram Abad in 2003. Factors studied included age, sex, serum ferretin, patient's age at the time of the initial blood transfusion, patient's age at the time of Desferal (deferoxamine mesylate) use, blood group, and hemoglobin level. All patients were examined and had echocardiographies performed by a cardiologist. Data was collected by questionnaire, and an analysis was made using the SPSS program. Results: 33% of the patients had cardiac disease. Six patients had restrictive type systolic dysfunction of the left ventrical and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction with 50-55% ejection fraction. Two patients had four-chamber enlargement and high output cardiomyopathy failure with 45-55% ejection fraction. Two patients had severe pulmonary hypertension, aortic and tricuspid valve insuficiency, right and left ventricular dysfunction, pericardial effusion with 45-55% ejection fraction. The remaining patients had left ventricular enlargement alone or with right ventricular enlaregement with 60% ejection fraction. 54.5% of the cardiac patients were male and 45.5% were female. In 23% of the patients, serum ferretin was 1501-2000 nanograms per ml. Most of the patients were 11-20 years old, and the age of initial blood transfusion in 20% of the patients was 1-2 years of age. The age at the time of Desferaluse in 25% of the patients was after five years of age. Most of the patients had type O blood. Two patients died from heart failure. Conclusions: Based on the X2 test, there was a postive correlation between age, age of Desferal use, and serum ferretin with cardiac disease (P<0.05). However, there was no correlation between age and blood group with cardiac disease. It is suggested that patients with beta-thalessemia major have blood transfusions and use Deseral regularly. Also, it is necessary to periodically evaluate the heart function of these patients.
Volume 7, Issue 1 (1-2006)
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most important and lethal diseases in the world. CAD represents a board spectrum of disease from silent ischemia at one end to sudden cardiac death at the other end. The middle of this spectrum consists of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina pectoris (UA). Recent data show that the inflammatory process plays a major role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome. In this study we evaluated the difference in complement factors C3 and C4 between AMI and UA, and the relation between early completions of AMI and UA and the amount of C3 and C4. Materials and methods: In this cross – sectional analytic study, 30 patients with AMI and 30 patients with UA were compared with healthy subjects. Clinical and laboratory data were collected. Blood samples were obtained on arrival and at 12.24 and 48 hours. electrocardiography and echocardiography were performed. All patients were monitored for 14 days after discharging from hospital. For all patients ECG was take on arrival and then daily bat. Findings: Complement activation occurred in patients with AMI and UA. In AMI activation of complement factors was significantly higher than in UA (p<0.01). In Qwave MI and congestive heart failure, this elevation of activity was prominent (p<0.01). In AMI a positive relation was found between complement factors and Cratin phospho kinas level (r=0.71). There was a positive relation between complement and mortality, and an inverse relation with ejection fraction (r=0.71). There was significant difference among complement factors in the UA, AMI, and control group (p<0.01). Conclusions: Elevated levels of complement factors in AMI were related to the degree of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Q-wave MI, and mortality. However, in UA, elevated levels of complement factors were unrelated, with the exception of the serum C3 level, which was related to LVEF.
Volume 7, Issue 1 (1-2006)
Background: Heart failure is one of the common cardiovascular diseases and digoxin has the positive effect on it. But unfortunately in spite of its positive effect on heart failure therapeutic and toxic level of it in patients is different and close to each other. The aim of this research was determination of digoxin serum level in failur heart patients. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study 31 patients with heart failure and consumption digoxin refer to clinic were assessment. Some important factors including age, clearance creatinie, ejection fraction, urea, potassium, calsium and digoxin level were measured. Findings: The statistical analysis of data showed that there was a correlation (r=0.57, p<0.01) between age and digoxin level. Digoxin level correlated positively with serum urea (r=0.046, p<0.01) creatinine(r=0.049, p<0.01), and potassium(r=0.47, p<0.01). Conclusions: It was concluded that continues monitoring of digital level with due attention to creatinine clearance and measurement of digoxin level for prevent of digoxin toxicity was necessary was necessary to prevent digoxin toxicity.
Volume 7, Issue 3 (12-2005)
Background: Intravenous thrombolytic therapy is still the most common treatment for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in our country. In recent years, some cases of suboptimal results of the treatment with a special trademark (Heberkinase) have been reported. So, we decided to evaluate the patency rate of arteries involved in infarction after treatment with Heberkinase. Materials and Methods: A total number of 110 patients admitted with AMI who received Heberkinase during the first 12 hours from beginning of symptoms and undergone Selective Coronary Angiography (SCA) during the first 20 days were enrolled in the study. TIMI flow of grade 2 or 3 and stenosis of less than 95% in the infarct-related arteries were considered as patent arteries. The findings were compared with Ejection Fraction (EF), risk factors and demographic data of the patients and also were compared with the results of previous studies. Findings: 49% of patients received Heberkinase in the first two hours, 39% between 2 -6 hours and 19% between 6 and 12 hours after beginning of symptoms. SCA was performed in 73 patients in the first 10 days and in 37 patients between days 11 to 20 (mean =8.4±4.6 days). Mean patency rate of infarct-related artery was 55%. Patency rate had no correlation with location of AMI and the infarct-related artery.EF was significantly higher in patients with patent arteries (47% versus 42%, p=0.03). Conclusion: The patency rate in our patients was about 15% less than the results reported by other investigators. The patency rate with Heberkinase was similar to the spontaneous patency rates reported in pre-thrombolytic era studies.
Volume 9, Issue 1 (Yafteh 2007)
Nazari H1, Namdari P2, Tarrahi MJ3, Badrizadeh A4
1. Assistant professor, Department of psychology, Faculty of medicine, Lorestan University of medical sciences
2. Instructor, Department of social medicine , Faculty of health, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
3. Instructor, Department of Epidemiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
4. Bachelor of science, Nursing, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Abstract
Background: Depressive disorder is one of the most prevalent mental disorders and causes disability and early death. This disorder leads to increased economic burden for people and society. Mental disorders are the cause of 15 percent of disability and early death in developing countries. According to the joint report of W.H.O and the word Bank, depressive disorder is the first one among the ten most important causes of disability and disablement all over the world. Thus the diagnosis and treatment of this abnormality is very important for patients, families and society.
Materials and methods: The aim of this cross–sectional study was to screen the depressive disorder in people aged 20-64 in Khorramabad city. Data were collected by Beck Depression Questionnaire that detects depression. Khorramabad city has tow region and each region has three areas. The sample (2740 persons) was selected from all areas by a clustered and systematic sampling method. Data were analyzed by statistical software.
Results: 33.4 percent had symptoms of depression. 25% of the affected patients had minor depression, 7.4% had moderate and 1% had sever depression. The prevalence of depression was highest in age group 50-64 years and lowest in age group 30-46 years. Depression was higher in women (34.3%) than men (32.4%). The highest rate of depression was in widowed (43.3%) and the lowest rate of prevalence was in married (29%). The rate of depression in non-specialists workers was higher (43.2%) than officers (16.2). The rate of depression in primary school and diploma person (17.4%) was higher than less educated or illiterates (7.1%) and university educated (8.6%) people. The lowest prevalence of depression was in persons with more than two million Rials salary (3.5%) and highest prevalence of depression was in persons with salary lower than two million Rials. the prevalence of depression was related to factors including age, marital status, educational status, occupation, family, salary and house status (p<0/001). But, there were not statistically significant related to sex, geographic area.
Conclusion: Mental health is usually neglected but, its prevalence and disability is not lower than infectious diseases according to the physician’s experiences and epidemiologic studies. Thus, appropriate diagnosis, management and treatment of it is very important for patinas, family and society and decreases economic and mental problems.
Volume 9, Issue 3 (Yafteh 2007)
Namdari P1, Nazari H2
1. Instructor, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
2. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Abstract
Background: Disruptive Behavior Disorder (DBD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders starting from childhood and is considered an important mental health problem of the society. DBDs may have distractive effects on the social, educational, personality, and behavioral relationships of people in their childhood and adulthood. The present research was done to determine the prevalence of Disruptive Behavior Disorders in elementary school students of Khorramabad in 2005.
Materials and methods: This research was a cross-sectional study. Its statistical community includes all the students studying in grades one to five at elementary schools in Khorramabad (N = 943). Sixteen state and private schools (8 for girls and 8 for boys) were selected in a cluster and multi–stage sampling method. The standardized questionnaire of Child Symptoms Inventories (CSI-4) was used to collect data on the prevalence of children’s psychiatric disorders. The results ware analyzed using descriptive statistic and Chi-square test.
Results: The total sample included 943 children. There was 21.4% DBD behavior (17.7% oppositional defiant disorder and, 3.7% conduct disorder). The number of the boys was twice as that of the girls (28.7% vs. 14.4%). The students in grade 2 showed the lowest, and those in grade 3, 4 and 5 the highest prevalence rate of DBD. There was also a significant relationship between children’s grade (P= 0.02), parent’s education (P=0.005, P=0.006), Mother’s job (P= 0.03), income (P = 0.005) and DBD. However no significant relationship between father’s job, educational level of the students and parent’s mental problems and Disruptive Behavior Disorders was found.
Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of the disorder including DBD, and lack of enough attention to their consequences in children and adolescents, it seems necessary to identify these disorders so that they may be dealt with on time.
Volume 10, Issue 4 (yafteh 2009)
Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiadric disorders starting from Childhood and is considered as an important mental health problem of a society. Behavioral disorders including ADHD may have distractive effects on peoples social, educational, personality, and behavioral relationship in their childhood and adulthood. Therefore, we decided to conduct the present research for ADHD in elementary school students of Khoramabad year 2004. Materials and methods: This research was a cross-sectional study. Its statistical community includes all the students studing in grades one to five at elementary school in Khorramabad (N=945). Some 16 state and private schools (8 girls and 8 boys schools) were selected in a cluster and multi-stage method. The standardized questionnaire Child symptom inventories – 4 (CSI4) has been used to collect data, which was a means for the prevalens of children’s psychiatric disorders. Owing to their scoring. The cases which showed ADHD were undergone clinical examination by psychiatrist. Then, the results were analyzed using descriptive statistic and X2 test. Results: The total sample was 945 children There were 50.7% and 49.3% girls and boys respectively. Some 3.17 per cent of them were reported to suffer from ADHD the most percentages of which were of inattention (40%), overactivens (33.3%), and mixed type (26.6%). ADHD was reported to be more prevalent in boys than girls (4.9% VS. 1.5%). The students in grade 5 showed the lowest, and those in grade 2 and 3 showed the highest prevalence rate of suffering from ADHD. There was also a significant relationship between children’s sex and ADHD (P<0.005). However, there seemed no significant relationship between parents age, education, job, income, grade, and the family psychiatric problems. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of the disorder including ADHD, and lack of enough attention to their consequences in children and adolescent age group. It seems necessary to identify these disorders so that they may be considered in time. Since our population is stepping to word growth and development, understanding children’s problems is very worthy. Because they play an important role in our society future. On the other hand, providing mental health for children and teenagers half them to play better their social, mental and physical role in society.
Volume 10, Issue 4 (yafteh 2009)
Background: The virtual rise of blood pressure resulted from stress, that is observed in subjects that are tested in medical centers, can be oftenly corrected by holter. This phenomenon causes such persons not to response to the common anti blood pressure treatments (2). Materials and methods: This descriptive study was conducted 2006-2007 at the heart clinic of Shohadaye–Ashayer hospital in Khorramabad during 2006-2007 to investigate the rate of stress induced H. T. N Coming to the clinics. The cases (N=200) were measured for their blood pressure with the standardized mercury devices. If the rate of their blood pressure was high, normal or mild to moderate HTN, they were measured at home with the Interface I. F 250 model of Holter monitoring for 24 hours. Then, using the t-test and SPSS, the rate of blood pressure in the both methods were compared and analyzed. Results: The comparison of blood pressure at the clinic and the 24-hours blood pressure measurement with the Holter monitoring showed that 35% of those who fell into two groups of mild and moderate hypertension at the clinic had a normal blood pressure, 70 subjects were suffering from high blood pressure, 20 cases were suffering from diabetes, 98 from hyperlipidemia while 76 patients were smokers, also 130 of them had familial hypertensive records. The statistical t-test demonstrated a significant difference between the average rate of systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the clinic and the 24-hour monitoring of blood pressure with the Holter (P<0. 001). Conclusion: In this study, the comparison of blood pressure valve at the clinic and the value of blood pressure during 24 hours using monitoring showed that 35% of the cases undergoing pharmacologic and non- pharmocologic treatments routinely and by the measurement of blood pressure at the clinic and / or at the doctor’s office did not need any treatment as their blood pressure were in the normal range (4, 5 ). Regarding the considerable difference between the blood pressure measured in the clinic and the 24-hour blood pressure at home, it is necessary to use the Holter monitoring for most of the patients suffering from the mild and/or moderate blood pressure (8).
Volume 12, Issue 1 (4-2010)
One of the necessary bases to improve the quality of education system especially in universities is continuous evaluation of education process of students in different levels of education system continually. Basic sciences medical period is a background of study achievement and precise understanding of the next levels of medical courses. The medical students by the knowledge acquired in basic sciences period can solve clinical problems. Therefore present research was done to understand factors affecting the students’ success in comprehensive test of basic medical sciences in Lorestan university of medical sciences. Materials and Methods:This descriptive analytical study was carried out on 102 medical students in Lorestan university of medical sciences including all the students who entered the university and Participated in comprehensive test from 2001 to 2004. Sampling method was census and data gathering tools were two questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, descriptive statistics, ANOVA test, T- test and linear regression. Results: The results showed that factors affecting comprehensive test of basic medical sciences were as: volume of the course, the final mark of the course, dedicated time in order to be ready for exam, importance of the course in basic sciences stage, amount of interest in the course, importance of the course in comprehensive basic test ,quality of lecture,s teaching and how to use audio visual and laboratory devices by the lectures. Conclusion: In order to improve and achieve needed changes in medical education and regarding the important role of the courses of basic sciences on the students as future physicians, taking some amendatory steps seem necessary.
Volume 14, Issue 5 (2-2013)
Background : One of the indices of health care development is the use of HIS, but it is not supporting the nursing process as a scientific method. So, this study was done in order to optimize Hospital Information System (HIS) in cardiac care unit with the approach of “nursing care using scientific method”. Materials and Methods: This study is a part of a participatory action research which was done in CCU of Shahid Madani educational center of Khorramabad in four phases including assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation of change programs in 2010-2012. All individuals who were effective in HIS implementation were chosen as participants (44 people). Data gathering method included: open interview, group concentrated discussion, guiding group sessions and observing checklist of bedside nursing care. Nursing cares in SOAPIE method prepared and put in HIS with cooperation of IT unit, and plans implemented and evaluated. Reflection and sharing were used for accreditation. Data analysis was done by constant comparison method and the Wilcoxon test. Results: By HIS optimization, mean of bedside nursing care in different domains and totally increased from 177.40 to 273.06 (p=0.001). Also, the relationship of nurse with patient and care team improved that resulted in: Patient comfort, trust in received cares, trust in nurse, decrease in complaints and increase in patients and relatives, satisfaction. Conclusion: Optimized use of HIS prepared by easy availability to nursing care standards. It is recommended, by enhancing the HIS capabilities and interdisciplinary communication, safe and scientific cares, and accurate and fast record to be provided by technology.
Volume 21, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Materials and Methods: E.coli bacteria were prepared in liquid growth medium at the proper density. Then, the bacteria were placed in a magnetic field of 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Hz at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28 and 32 time intervals. Afterwards, their population was calculated, and the impact of these waves on the bacteria growth phases, based on the factorial pattern, was measured.
Results: Field intensities of 1, 5, 10 and 20 Hz caused an increase in the number of bacteria cells. With increasing field intensity to 50 Hz, the growth of bacteria was reduced. Field intensities of 5, 30, 40 and 50 Hz caused an increment in the time of the lag phase, and field intensities of 1, 10 and 20 Hz caused an increment in the time of the stationary phase. At 1 to 30 Hz field intensities, the duration time of each cell division was reduced, and at 10 Hz field intensity, this reduction reached a minimum. But at a field intensity of 40 and 50 Hz, the time velocity of bacteria reproduction decreased.
Conclusion: Given that E.coli bacteria is a pathogen, and at the same time a very important bacteria in scientific activities, the results of this study could be used in procedures to increase and decrease the population of this bacteria population.
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