Showing 38 results for farhadi
Mitra Safa , Ali Farhadi , Behroz Khordbin,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (1-2004)
Abstract
Introduction: In the recent years different studies have been performed to determine attitude of different groups of the society towards psychiatric disorders , that their results could develop positive changes to improve the attitude of society with proper planning in this respect.
Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross – sectional study has designed to determine the attitude of 600 high school students (301 girls and 299 boys) to psychiatric disorders.
The samples were chosen using multistage randomized sampling method. Data collecting tool was a questionnaire including students , demographic characteristics and their attitude measurement , then data were analyzed by SPSS software version 9.1 .
Findings : Results showed that 58.8% of the students had negative attitude and 4.2% had positive attitude to psychiatric disorders . Statistical test (T.test) didn,t show any relationship between gender and kind of attitude . Relationship between students , grade and type of attitude was statistically significant (P<0.05).
54% of the students believed that parents inattention to their children and 46.3% believed that physical punishment by parents or school staff could effect on occurrence of psychiatric disorders . 90% of the students interested in receiving education by psychiatrist or psychologist in their schools .
Conclusion: Results of this study show that high school students, attitude in Khorramabad city to psychiatric disorders is negative . It seems that with exact perception of this problem and proper planning we can develop a positive change in students, attitude to psychiatric disorders and take effective steps to improve mental health of the adolescents .
Tahereh Javadi, Azam Mohsen Zadeh, Ali Farhadi,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (1-2004)
Abstract
Introduction: Measles is a contagious disease which is passed on easily from a person to the other. Today, although, the number of measles cases have been decreased dramatically, but it is still a common disease.
The aim of this research is to study the patients with measles in Khorramabad city.
Materials and Methods: This cross – sectional study was carried out on 124 patients who were admitted with diagnosis of measles in Khorramabad Shahid Madani hospital. The method of sampling was simple. The studied variables include age, sex and the season of admission. Data was collected by questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software.
Findings: From 124 patients who completed the study , 78(62.9%)were boys and 46(27.1%) were girls .59(47.6%) were <9 months old,2(1.6%) were 9 months to 1.5 years old, 16(12.9%) were 1.5 – 6 years old and 47(37.9%) were 6-13 years old. The correlation between measles and age and also, measles and sex with p<0.05 was significant .
Of patients who were hospitalized, 31 (25%)were in March to February, 2002 and 93(75%) were in March to July, 2003.
Conclusion: In this study the most outbreak rate of measles was under the age of 9 months and after the age of 6 years, while according to the ministry of health and treatment program, inoculation of measles is done during 2 doses, the first one at the age of 9 months and the other at the age of 15 months. So changing vaccination time is recommended, provided the results of this study are confirmed in the other cities.
Seyed Saeed Shahrokhi, Ali Farhadi, Kambiz Kordi,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (1-2004)
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic prostatitis is an obtrusive, annoying and common disease that many people are suffering from it, and it is followed by complicated problems for the patient and the treating physician because of recrudescence of the disease.
Materials and Methods: In this interventional study 20 patients with prostatitis, who had no satisfactory answer to the common pharmacotherapy, were selected randomly and were candidate for surgery, before operation the patients’ personal information and their disease symptoms were recorded in a special questionnaire, then patients were put in current of surgery procedures and its probable complications, and finally in case of written satisfaction of the patients, they undergo TUI surgery. After six months from operation and later follows- up, before and after operation the symptoms were compared.
The criteria for studying evident symptoms of chronic prostatitis include: nocturia, polyuria, irritation of urine, caliber and unnormal flow of urine, drop by drop urination at the end of urination, pain during intercourse, return of ejaculation into bladder (probable complication of the surgery) and sexuality disorder. Gathered data was analyzed using Wilcoxon test.
Findings: Results showed that patients treated with TUI returned to a good state of health significantly in comparison with their condition before the surgery. Evident symptoms of chronic prostatitis reduced (p>0.05) significantly too. The patients were quite satisfied, as well as need for pharmacotherapy decreased significantly.
Conclusion: TUI is recommended as a suitable alternative treatment for patients with chronic prostatitis resistant to pharmacotherapy.
Farhad Shahsavar , Abbas Rezaei , Mohammad Hosein Nasr-Esfahani , Abdolreza Kheirollahi , Ali Farhadi ,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2004)
Abstract
Background: Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been found to bypass the inhibitory effect of high levels of antisperm antibodies on sperm motility, fertilization rates are reduced in approximately 40% of the attempts. In this study, we investigated the relationship between antisperm antibodies measured by the direct mixed agglutination reaction (MAR) and the fertilization rate in infertile couples undergoing IVF.
Materials and methods: Semen samples were obtained from men from 80 infertile couples undergoing IVF at the Esfahan Fertility and Infertility Center. After IVF, 52 couples had a high fertilization rate (65%) and 28 couples had a low fertilization rate (35%). The percentage of IgA and IgG antisperm antibodies were detected by a direct MAR test of the semen samples. A statistical anylysis was conducted using the T, X2 test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the mean of the percentage of antisperm antibodies in high and low fertilization rate groups (P<0.001). Statistically significant inverse relationships were observed between IgA and IgG antisperm antibodies levels and fertilization rates.
Conclusions: The results of this study clearly show that high levels of antisperm antibodies decrease the fertilization rate. Therefore, it can be suggested that couples with high levels of antisperm antibodies should become candidate for intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
Farhad Shahsavar , Abdolreza Kheirollahi , Ali Farhadi,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (8-2004)
Abstract
Introduction: The precise mechanism for antisperm antibody (ASA) mediated fertility impairment is unclear. In the male reproductive tract, ASA may have an adverse impact on sperm maturation and function or overall semen quality. In this study, the percentage of ASA-IgA was determined by the direct Mixed Agglutination Reaction (MAR) test in men from infertile couples in Khorramabad city. Furthermore, the semen parameters were evaluated in order to examine any correlation with the presence of ASA.
Materials and Methods:85 men were tested for ASA as a part of an infertility evaluation. Patients were grouped according to percentage of ASA of < 10%. Or 10%. Semen parameters (Volume less than 2ml, concentration less than 20×106/ ml, and motility less than 50%) were calculated for each group. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test.
Results: Results showed that 20% of this population were ASA-positive. Volume less than 2ml was not associated with ASA by direct MAR (P = 0.56). Concentration less than 20×106/ml was not associated with ASA by direct MAR. Motility less than 50% was significantly associated with ASA by direct MAR (P = 0.005).
Conclusion: Antisperm antibodies can disrupt normal sperm function by damaging sperm motility. Therefore, it can be suggest that patients with sperm motility than 50% should become Candidate of ASA assay.
Bakhtiar Hosseini , Ali Farhadi ,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (2-2005)
Abstract
Background: Cataract surgery lens implantation is the most common eye surgery that good quality of operation can help good visual outcome. One of the most common complication following cataract surgery is uveitis that usualy occur in first few weeks after operation. The aim of the present study was to compare the incidence of the post operative uveitis between viscoelastic substance and air in ECCETPCIOL
Materials & methods: This prospective study was carried out in 280 patients (pt’s) candidate for cataract surgery. lens implatation pt’s divided randomly in two groups. Group A: Viscoelastic substances were used. Group B: Normal air of operation room were used.
All pt’s were examined once per week up to four weeks after operation. We advised pt’s in case of bluring of vision/pain redness immediately come for urgent visit too. Analysis of data was done based on SPSS.
Results: Out of 280 pt’s, 140 pt were male and 140 pt were female. Theirs age were between 20-110 years. 33 pt’s out of 280 pt’s suffered from uveitis (11.78%). In group A 12.85% suffered from uveitis and in group B 10.71% suffered from uveitis.
Z Fisher test did not show significant differences between the two groups. Other operative complications such as of IOP also did not show significant differences between the two groups.
Conclusion: Due to, there was no significante differences in post operative uveitis between two groups, and also access to air is easy and gell is expensive, we advise use of air for lens implantation during cataract operation.
Mozhgan Massoudi , Ali Farhadi,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (12-2005)
Abstract
Background: AIDS is a serious problem which affects all aspects of an individual’s life. Affected persons have a fear of being excommunicated or being abandoned by their family or friends, so they hide their infectious status. This factor causes the infection to spread more easily. Family has a major supportive role for individuals suffering from AIDS and the family support results in promotion of their life quality. Therefore, decreases the spread of the infection.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on all persons infected with HIV in Khorram Abad (147 cases). Infection status of these patients have been approved before May, 2004 and their families aware of their disease. Data gathering tool was a two-part questionnaire including 36 questions, of which 16 questions concerned demographic information and the second part had 20 questions about the rate of family social support, based on standard questionnaire of PSS-F. All questionnaires were filled out at patients’ house.
Findings: A majority of subjects (56.5%) benefited weak family social support. In addition, family social support from married persons was higher than single ones significantly (P=0.01). Rate of condom use in matrimony relations among married patients with more family social support was more frequent. This difference was also significant (P=0.04). Patients with higher social support were more aware of the risk of transferring the infection (P=0.05) and felt more responsibility to prevent the transfer of infection and notify their problem to others (P=0.000).
Conclusion: Patients who receive more family social support, are more willing to say about their problem to other peoples, and use condom more frequently than other patients in their sexual activities. Since the majority of the studied patients received weak social support, it is recommended to improve and promote their social support by informing and educating their families.
Faride Malekshahi, Ali Farhadi,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (6-2006)
Abstract
Background: One of the most important events in everyone's life is the period of
adolescence and maturity. The first factor for recognizing the real maturity in young
girls is the first menstruation (monthly period). Although menstrual cycle is an
inevitable event for females, most of them have not good information on it.
The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of young high
school girls on menstrual health in khoramabad in 2005.
Materials and methods: This research was an analytic descriptive study. 700
students were selected by systematic randomized sampling. Data collection tool was a
questionnaire including 2 parts which completed in one step. Statistical inferential
methods were used for analyzing the data by SPSS Version 11 software.
Findings: Average age was 14.8 years. 52% had irregular menstruation.
Menstruation period was 5-7 days in 40.7% of cases. 94.1% had good information on
menstrual health. Cases have acquired their information primarily from their mothers.
50% had weak knowledge, and 30.1% had negative attitude and their practice was
compatible with their attitude. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 15.9%. A great
majority of cases had mood and behavioral disorders (fear, anxiety). There was a
significant relationship between knowledge, attitude and practice with the resource of
information, parental education and the job of the mother.
Conclusion: It is necessary to train young girls, their mothers and teachers on
menstrual health and the effect of factors such as nutrition, exercise, stress and
personal hygiene on it. It is also a necessity to include regular exercise and menstrual
health subjects in curriculum of high schools.
Mostafa Bahrami , Ali Farhadi ,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2007)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this research was to determine the rate of deformity in boys and girls youngsters in Lorestan.
Materials and methods: The statistical community of the research included all the youngsters in Lorestan Province. The subjects in this study were 400 boys and 450 girls (11-15 years old) that collected randomly. Data collection was done by questionnaires and physical examination (posture screen, tape-measure, Scales and…). The results were analyzed by SPSS software
Results: In general, the results of this study indicated that abnormal posture in male was 57.67% and in female was 68.89%. additionally, there was a significant relationship between the level of kyphosis and lordosis and sleep habit, between shoulder dropping and briefcase carriage, between Bow leg and sitting between Hallux Valgus and high heel shoes of subjects ( P<0.05 ).
Conclusion: Considering the generated results, the level and rate of deformity among youngsters is very high. So, it seems that there is a need to plan an especial program by managers to reduce the burden of this abnormality.
Mitra Safa , Ghafar Ali Mohmoudi , Mohammad Soultani Far , Mandana Saki , Ali Farhadi ,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (9-2007)
Abstract
Safa M1, Mohmoudi GhA2, Soultani far M3, Saki M4, Farhadi A5
1. Assistant professor, Department of psychology, Faculty of medicine, Lorestan University of medical sciences
2. Assistant professor, Department of forensic medicine, Faculty of medicine, Lorestan University of medical sciences
3. General practitioner
4. Instructor, Department of nursing, Faculty of nursing and midwifery, LorestanUniversity of medical sciences
5. Instructor, Department of psychology and health, Faculty of medicine, LorestanUniversity of medical sciences
Abstract
Background: Suicide is one of the social problem which brings about death of active characters in the society and it is considered as a remarkable problem for health. Suicide is the number 9 factor of death in America. Nearly 85 cases of suicide happen per day within 20 minutes each. Drug abuse is of psychiatric urgency and it is regarded as an important variable related to suicide.
Materials and methods: All clients who committed suicide and were hospitalized in Shohadaye Ashayer hospital were included in this study ( from July 83 to January 83 ).
Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between drug abuse and chronic organic disease among patients with suicide intention . Among 67 suicide cases, 55.2% were male and 44.8% were female. The highest frequency (55.2%) covered the age group (19–26) .Most of the cases were unmarried. 47.8% were unemployed . 79.1 % were city residents and 21.9 % were living in the country. 53.7% of the participants had elementary school and junior high school education .
Conclusion: The study was to determine the frequency of personal, familial psychological characteristics and drug abuse among clients with suicide. The results emphasize on the preventive effect of the level of education in this Province. The results also showed that the more the number of people in the family, the more suicide cases in the family. Further more among married ones, cases with one or two children were prominent.
Faride Malekshahi , Ali Farhadi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (yafte 2008)
Abstract
Malekshahi F1, Farhadi A2 1. Instructor, Department of Society Health, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran 2. Instructor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran Abstract Background: Childhood period it one of the most important stages of life in which individuals personality is formed. The majority of behavioral problems are due to attention deficit to the sensitive periods of childhood. This attention deficit leads to lack of agreement with environment and causes behavioural problems in children. Behavioural problem is attributed to a persons behaviour that his IQ isn lowered, but his or her mental and behavioural equilibrium is deviated from social norm and has severity, repetition and continuance in numerous times and places, so that his educational performance and behaviour will be frustrated and his efficiency is reduced. Such children are always rejected by others and in school there are a lot of grievances against them. Therefore, to pay attention children common behavioural problems is one of the most important topics and it prompt detection makes its treatment possible. So this study designed to determine prevalence of behavioural problems of Khorramabad pre-school children. Materials and methods: This descriptive-cross sectional study was carried out on 600 rural and urban pre-school children selected using random one stage sampling method. Data gathering tool was a two-part questionnaire including demographic and behavioural disorders signs obtained from DSM IV. Reability and validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the university teaching members and retest method with a correlation coefficient 98%. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (ver 11) and Ch-square test. Results: Results of the study showed that 79% of the rural, and 68% of the urban children were at least involved in one of the behavioural problems. Anxiety, withdrawal and social isolation, too much irrelevant peevishing and crying were higher in urban children, and behavioural problems such as, urinary incontinence, night fear, teeth gnashing, hitting the head against the wall, sleep disorders were higher in rural children. Some of the children behavioural problems such as urinary incontinence, stammering, onychophagia and … had a significant relation with sex, as well as between age, job, educational level of the parents, birth rank, and some behavioural problems a significant relation was observed. Conclusion: These findings showed that most of the pre-school children somehow suffer from behavioural problems, they need more attention and support in the area of mental health which require an accurate and comprehensive planning. So study of children mental health level in the stations of measurement and mental health services in the schools, and education to teachers and parents in order to prevent behavioural disorders, and ontime diagnosis and treatment are necessary.
Mandana Saki , Mozhgan Jariani , Mitra Safa , Ali Farhadi, Fatemeh Ghasemi , Afsaneh Badrizadeh , Elham Karbasi ,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (yafteh 2009)
Abstract
Background: Social damage is one of the problems which destroys the active manpower and young population in the country and also prevents social development.
Family is the first environment in which social ground for the child is provided.Any dispute, controversy or inferiority complex in the family may lead to wrong doings
The present study aims at the effective family and personality factors on felony in felon adolescents kept in Khorramabad bouse of correction.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive- analytic study was carried out on all of the adolescents in Khorramabad house of correction as case group selected using census random sampling and high school students as control group selected by cluster random sampling. Data gathering tool was a 2-part questionnaire including demographic information and standard SCL 90 questionnaire.
Results: Results showed that there is a significant relationship between the place of residence, failure in school program, economic status of the family, parents presence, fathers job and education, mothers job and education, parents inter personal relationship and family conflicting.
The results also showed that aggression, anxiety, depression, somatic complain, obsessive compulsive, inter personality sensitivity, Psychotic, paranoid and phobia had a significant difference in the case and control groups.
Conclusion: Regarding the fact that family environment is considered as the most important educative factor and no social damage has not occurred out of family influence, so no society can claim to be healthy unless to have healthy families.
Azam Mohsenzadeh , Ali Farhadi, Mohammad Javad Tarrahi , Aynor Pedram,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (yafteh 2009)
Abstract
The most important consequence of sleep disorders in children is cognitive dysfunction that leads to study, family and social disturbances. This study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of sleep disorders in Khorramabad 7-12 year old elementary school children in school year 2006-2007. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 364 students were selected randomly in both sexes male and female with equal numbers. Data were collected using TUCASA questionnaire. Results: Results showed the revalence of sleep disorders as follows: mouth breathing 35/7%, sleep talking 24/7%, habitual snoring 20/3%, nightmare 19/8%, sleep teeth grinding 15/9%, secondary enuresis 8/2%, primary nocturnal enuresis 7/1%, sleep apnea 6/6%, sleep walking 6/6% and excessive daytime sleepiness 10%. Statistical tests showed that there is a significant relation between primary and secondary nocturnal enuresis and male sex, and both disorders were more in boys (p-value=0. 004). Between other disorders, and sex and age there was not significant relation. In this study between teeth grinding and snoring, sleep apnea and snoring, open mouth breathing and snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep apnea, sleep duration and time of sleep of parents, there was significant relation (p-value<0. 001). Conclusion: According to findings, mouth breathing was the most common sleep disorder in our subjects and had a significant relation with sleep snoring. So due to treating ability of nonmedical therapy in sleep disorders, it is recommended to increase parents information about necessity of medication and its effect on children cognition.
Fatemeh Bahrami, Seyed Kamal Solati Dehkordi, Ali Farhadi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (yafteh 2009)
Abstract
Psychotherapy for bipolor disorder has been very much neglected. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the meta cognitive, emotional processing training (MEPT) with medical and standard therapy (drug) in increasing emotional, cognitive and social skills, of the patients with bipolar disorders. Materials and Methods: This semi experimental study with control group was carried out on 32 females in the 16-40 age bracket, diagnosed with bipolar disorder by means of DSM - IV –R criteria selected among referrals from Isfahan hospitals and psychology clinics. One group randomly received medical therapy plus MEPT. The second group (control group) received standard drug therapy. Data gathering instruments were a semi – structural interview based on DSM – IV – R criteria and the following questionnaires: Mania (Bech, et al, 1979), Depression (Hamilton, 1980), Emotional intelligence (Cooper, 1999), Self – control (Rosenbaum, 1980), Insigt (David, et al, 1992), Social function (Hurry, et al, 1983). And the Aconomic, social, cultural questionnaire was used to control social ststus of the subjects. this questionnaire was made by the researcher. Results: The MEPT method influenced on increasing all of the emotional skills, sub scales and total scales. And also influenced on cognitive scales such as: dysfunctional thought, (p=0. 000), insight (p=0. 05), self – control (p=0. 000). Social skills could be increased (p=0. 02) by use of MEPT. Conclusion: Using pschological treatment in addition to pharmacotherapy increases treatment efficay. Therefor an educational program about MEPT is necessary for therapists.
Faride Malekshahi, Ali Farhadi, Fariba Amini,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (4-2010)
Abstract
Recognition of effective factors in creating job satisfaction can be useful in increasing it in faculty members and gives them motivation , which in turn promotes educational and research purposes. Considering this important issue, the present study was conducted to determine the job satisfaction level of the faculty members of Lorestan university of medical sciences in 2007.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study included the faculty members of Lorestan university of medical sciences who had participated in educational affairs at least for two semesters. Data gathering tool was a questionnaire adapted from a job satisfaction questionnaire of Isfahan university of medical sciences haing45items including salary and fringe benefits, promotion opportunities, supervision and communications, job security, physical conditions of work environment, and job nature. The questionnaire was filled out by the faculty members, and the data were collected and analyzed as frequencies, means, and standard deviations using the SPSS software, version 11.5.
Results: Concerning general satisfaction, 41.4% of the faculty members had total satisfaction. The Chi-square test showed significant relationships between general satisfaction and salary and fringe benefits (p=0.001), promotion opportunities (p=0.001), supervision (p=0.0001), job security (p=0.0001), physical conditions of work environment (p=0.001), and job nature (p=0.001).
Conclusion:According to the research results it is recommended that the authorities recognizing job satisfaction and unsatisfaction resourse, try to make opportunies for personal developmen, to select managers based on their competency and viewpoints of scientific members, using punishment and encouragement system and providing welfare facilities, raise the job satisfaction in faculty members.
Ghafar Ali Mahmudi , Peyman Astaraki, Ali Farhadi , Yousof Nazari ,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (5-2013)
Abstract
Background: One of the most common causes of death in the world is poisonings. Investigation and study of causes of poisoning mortalities play an important role in making decisions and improve standards for the prevention of adverse events. Therefore, for better understanding of causes and effects resulting in the death of poisoned patients, we decided to study mortality due to toxic poisoning in admitted patients in Shohada hospital during the years 2006-2010.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study carried out on died patients due to poisoning in Shohada hospital during the years 2006-2010 and needed information were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution tables, cross-tabulation, mean, standard deviation and ratio.
Results: Of the 13,090 patients admitted to hospital for poisoning, 124 people died due to severe complications, of them 58.9% were men. The majority of the patients were single (51.6%), urban residents (77.4%) and having diploma (43.5%). 73.4% of the patients died from suicide and 26.6% of the patients died from drug abuse, alcohol or carbon monoxide poisoning. The most used toxins were pesticides (53.2%), opiates (21.8%), sedative - Hypnotic drugs (10.5%).
Conclusion: Poisoning with pesticides, especially Rice tablet (Aluminium Phosphid)and opium devoted the highest causes of poisoning and mortality than the other drugs and toxins in Lorestan.
Afsane Badrizadeh, Ali Farhadi, Mohamad Javad Tarrahi , Mandana Saki , Gholamreza Beiranvand ,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background : Due to the harsh conditions of work and job problems of nurses, they experience more job stress and are more vulnerable. The nurses who have not suitable general mental health, are not able to render effective care to patients. Regarding the importance of mental health promotion of nurses and their key role in the quality of nursing care, this research was carried out to determine nurses mental health status.
Materials and Methods: This research was a correlated cross - sectional study conducted on 169 nurses working in hospitals of Lorestan university of medical sciences.Data gathered by a questionnaire including demographic information and mental health questionnaire (GHQ-28) and then using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), inferential statistics (chi -squar) and T-test and ANOVA, and finally by use of SPSS software were analyzed.
Results: A total of 78 patients (46.2%) were asymptomatic and 91 (53. %) were marked. Overall total mental health was an average of 27.9% and a standard deviation of 13.1, respectively. Findings of the study showed no significant relation between demographic features (sex, marital status, record of service and income level) and mental health, but significant association was found between physical activity and mental health.
Conclusion: Regarding the significant and positive effects of physical activity on mental health, it seems necessary for nurses to do regular physical activities in their life and enhance their mental health.
Ali Farhadi , Masoume Movahedi , Yazdan Movahedi ,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background : Psychological problems such as anxiety is amongst important problems that patients with cardiovascular disease encounter with, and about 65% of the patients experience it, which results in delay to return to work, reducing quality of life and increase in risk of mortality. The aim of this research was to determine and compare the mean of anxiety in these patients, before, after and two months after intervention in both case and control groups. Materials and Methods: This research is an experimental study and consists of two groups and three stages which carried at on 40 male patients with coronary heart disease, selected randomly, as case and control. Data gathering tool was Beck anxiety inventory. The data were analyzed by covariance test and SPSS v.19 software. The Anxiety test was administered to the both groups before and after the intervention and during follow up period. Results: The results showed a significant difference between anxiety of the patients before, after, and two month after intervention. (P<0.001) Conclusion: Regarding the effect of cognitive therapy based on presence of mind on anxiety of the patients and its long effect, to make use of this method seems necessary in all levels of prevention and treatment of the patients with physical diseases.
Farideh Malekshahi, Ali Farhadi ,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (3-2014)
Abstract
Background: Child abuse is a global problem and occurs in a variety of forms and is deeply rooted in cultural, economic and social practices. Child abuse is a behaviour which causes physical, psychological, emotional or sexual abuses, consequentlylead to damage of children,s health, peace of mind and education. Based on these considerations, the present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of child abuse among junior high school students of Khoramabad in 2012. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 907 junior high school students randomly selected .Data collection tool was a multiple questionnaire incloding child and parents’ demographic information, and a physical emotional abuse and neglect questionnaire. It,s validity and reliability was done by content validity and Test re test. Data were analysed using SPSS v. 19. Results: The findings of this study showed that average age of the cases was 13.36±1.04 and 5.4% of them were always under physical abuse and the most physical abuse was slap on the face , 7.3% emotional abuse and 5.5% neglect. Statistical test showed a significant relation between abuses and parents, educational level, job, addiction and divorce. Conclusion: Results showed that child abuse is common among families, therefore, monitoring of children, ratification of rules supporting children, planing and administration of preventive educational programs can be effective to reduce child abuse.
Hosein Ebrahimi Moghaddam , Afsaneh Badrizadeh, Ali Farhadi,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (3-2014)
Abstract
Background: Anxiety disorders are among the most common disorders in children that may lead to many other disorders for them such as low self-esteem, social isolation, poor social skills and educational problems. Considering the importance of these disorders, we decided to measure the symptoms of anxiety in drawing-a-person test for children of Khorramabad city.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study 455 students in the fourth grade of primary school in Khorramabad were selected using cluster sampling and using the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) their anxiety was evaluated. Then 102 cases selected for the test (51 cases among children who had obtained a high score on indicated scale) and control group (51 cases among children who had low score on indicated scale). Drawing-a-person test executed. Finally, indicators were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), inferential statistics tests (Chi-square test and t test) and SPSS software.
Results: Significant signs (p>0.05) in test group children (anxious) were: small eyes, very bold graphic lines, parallel lines shaded and plaid, scrawl and repeated cleaning - abnormal physical state, to use black color, anxious face of dummy, small head, long legs, big feet, horizontal and inflexible arms and closed hands. Also signs of anxiety were significant based on sex in drawing-a-person test.
Conclusion: According to findings of the present research and importance of anxiety disorders recognition in childhood and its impact on life time, it is suggested to pay more attention to these signs of children's drawings. Through timely diagnosis of children with anxiety disorders, future impacts of anxiety can be prevented.