Yafteh

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Research is an active and well-organized procedure to discover, explain and review phenomena, events and hypotheses. The first step to organize matter of research in society is the find of a proper perception of existent abilities and facilities, as well as finding out weaknesses and strengths in research, so the present study was carried out to determine barriers to research from viewpoint of faculty members of Lorestan university of medical sciences. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out to determine barriers to research from viewpoint of faculty members of Lorestan university of medical sciences in 2008. All faculty members were our subjects. Data gathering tool was a four-part questionnaire, approved by valid scientific sources, designed based on Likert scale. Questionnaires were distributed among faculty members and at most the data of 93 questionnaires were analyzed by use of independent t-tests and variance analysis. Results: concerning the personal barriers shortage of time because of excessive teaching (32. 2%) and social and executive responsibilities (21. 4%) were the most, and lack of personal interest in research (60. 7%) and having no skill and mastery in scientific paper and proposal writing (50. 6%) were generally the least personal barriers. But about organizational barriers severity to approve research projects by the research meeting, administrative restrictive regulations (49. 2%), long procedure for a research proposal to be cheared by the related committee and deficiency of research privileges for the researchers’ promotion (39. 1%) were the most organizational barriers, and difficulties of results statistical deduction, ethical limitations (34. 9%) and compulsion for researchers to use a special framework and method (27. 9%) were among the least organizational barriers. Meanwhile no significant difference observed between mean score of personal barriers among faculties while there was a significant difference between mean score of organizational barriers. Conclusion: Regarding the essential role of knowledge and research, which are among the most important features of look on future, governments, organizations and nations should have more and better perception of change and future, because we will live and work in a future which is quite different from today. Thus to reach a productive research future, it seems necessary to remove above mentioned barriers.

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Proper nutrition is among the most important needs to provide physical and mental health and in other words,it is the essential principle of the society good health.Offering healthy eating to children, the suitable preservation and distribution of foodstuff, and the control of the different sites of the maintenance and allotment of the nutritive substances at the schools are considered to be of foremost importance.So the present study is intended to specify the extent of the control and supervision of the allotment and distribution of the foodstuff to the students and the amount of the nutritional and hygienic knowledge of the parents and educators at the primary schools in 2007. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study conducted on 5695 male and female students studying at 39 primary schools of Khorramabad (district one). In order to scrutinize the status of the supervision of supply and distribution of the nutritive substances to the students and the measurement of the amount of the nutritional and hygienic knowledge of the parents and educators, a census was carried out. It suffices to say that the parents’ samples were selected apropos the arrangement of the classificatory sampling,cluster sampling, the two-stage sampling, and finally systematic sampling.The data gathering tool was a two self-made questionnaire completed by the interviewees themselves. Subsequently, the data were described with respect to the frequency distribution tables, the x2 independence tests and SPSS,V.15 saftware. Results: It was considered that 29.7% of the primary schools possessed buffets. Besides, 40.5% of them had hygiene educators. The amount of the attentiveness of the parents and educators to the control and supervision of the nutritive substances at the buffets was 61.5%, which is considered as a relatively good estimate. In this way, it is posited that, there exists a significant relationship between the existences of buffets at the primary schools and the scope of the acquaintance of the parents and educators with the control and supervision of the supply and distribution of foodstuff. (P=0/025) Nevertheless, the extent of the hygiene experts’ supervision on the supply of nutritive substances at the buffets was 14.5%, which is conceived to be rather poor. Conclusion: This study showed that, having a suitable place to present and distribute foodstuff in schools is necessary. Due to students needs to healthy snack in school, the surveillance of teachers and health experts is more important.