Yafteh

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Cisplatin is a major anti-neoplastic agent which nephrotoxicity is its main side effect and limits its usage in cancer chemotherapy. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly responsible for cisplatin induced nephropathy, so we determined the effects of oral administration of ethanolic olive leaf extract (OLE) as a plant antioxidant on nephrotoxicity of this drug. Material and methods: 21 adult male wistar rats were divided to 3 groups: “OLE75+CP” group [14 days of oral administration of OLE (75mg/kg) before i.p. injection of 5mg/kg cisplatin], “Water+CP” group [14 days of oral administration of water before i.p. injection of cisplatin] and “Water+Saline” [As previous group with administration of saline instead of cisplatin]. Plasma samples were collected 72h after cisplatin injection and Urine samples were collected for 24h before blood sampling. Plasma creatinine (PCr) and urea, fractional excretion of Na and K, creatinine clearance and relative kidney weights were determined in various groups as kidney function tests. Results: Cisplatin led to significant deterioration of all of this kidney function tests. Oral aministration of OLE significantly reduced PCr and fractional excretion of K. Plasma urea level was lower in “OLE75+CP” than Water+CP” group with a marginally significant level (p=0.08). Other kidney function tests were not significantly different between these 2 groups. Conclusion: Low dose oral administration of an olive leaf extract preparation (especially enriched in oleuropein) for 14 days could partially reduce cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The effects of higher doses of the extract remains to be investigated.

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Background : Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion (CCH) is a common pathophysiological state that generally happens in conditions such as Alzheimer and vascular dementia, which both of them are known by cognitive impairment. The recognition of particular mechanisms in the chain of events from CCH to a cognitive deficit may identify potential targets for efficient therapies. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of olive leaf extract, with regarding the antioxidant and antiinflammation effects of extract, on corticostreon and dehyroepiandrestrone (DHEA) after the induction of cerebral hypoperfusion in rats.

 

Materials and Methods: Wistar rats were divided into five groups of control, hypoperfusion, (hypoperfusion + 100 mg/kg extract), (hypoperfusion +200mg/kg) and ( hypoperfusion + 300mg/kg).In the hypoperfusion groups both common carotids were permanently occluded (with one week interval). Surgery without occlusion of the carotid was applied on the control. Olive leaf extracts with dosages 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg was given to the animals by gavage technique for 25 days. Then blood samples were taken and the serum concentration of corticostrone and DHEA were measured by ELISA method.

 

Results: In comparison with the control group, there was a significant reduction in corticostrone concentration in hypoperfusion group but olive leaf extract with 300mg/kg dosage, succeeded in abolishing the reduction. The significant differences in DHEA concentration was not observed among treated groups.

 

Conclusion: In this study, the olive leaf extract succeeded in elevating of corticostrone concentration which was reduced by hypopefusion, this study showed the protective effects of olive leaf extracts on hypothalamus – hypophysis –adrenal axis, since the extract has wide useful effects, we suggest it’s effective components to be separately examined to find the exact mechanism.

 

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Background : In males, testosterone reduction is one of the complications of renal ischemia. Olive leaf is a significant source of bioactive phenolic compounds. They have better antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory and radical scavenging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of olive leaf extract (OLE) on serum level of Gonadotropins and testosterone.

Materials and Methods: In this study forty – nine male rats were randomly divided into seven groups:1)control : which were intact animals 2)I/R 1h, 3)I/R1h+ OLE, 4)I/R 2h , 5)I/R 2h+ OLE),6) I/R 24h and 7) I/R24h+ OLE. The animals in 3,5and 7 groups received 100mg/kg olive leaf extract in 0.5 ml drinking water using gavages for 28 days. At the end of the treatment, levels of urea, Creatinin FSH, LH and testosterone were determined in serum.

Results: The results showed that serum urea and Creatinin level in the control group was significantly lower than other groups (P>0.05).also, revealed that serum level of testosterone in I/R 24h group significantly decreased in comparison with I/R24h+olive leaf extract group(P>0.05).

Conclusion: This study indicated that oral administration of olive leaf extract can prevent from testosterone reduce in I/R 24h group.