Volume 27, Issue 4 (1-2026)
yafte 2026, 27(4): 68-80 |
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Goodarzi H, Baharvand N, Valizade F, Mohammadi R, alipour Z, Ghasemi F. The effect of aromatherapy with breast milk on changes in physiological indicators caused by pentavalent vaccine injection in infants: A clinical trial study. yafte 2026; 27 (4) :68-80
URL: http://yafte.lums.ac.ir/article-1-3844-en.html
URL: http://yafte.lums.ac.ir/article-1-3844-en.html
Haniea Goodarzi 
, Nasrin Baharvand , Fatemeh Valizade , Rasool Mohammadi , Zeinab Alipour , Fatemeh Ghasemi *
, Nasrin Baharvand , Fatemeh Valizade , Rasool Mohammadi , Zeinab Alipour , Fatemeh Ghasemi *
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran & Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
Abstract: (54 Views)
Background: Vaccination in infants is a life-saving intervention; however, it can lead to changes in physiological parameters. Therefore, the use of safe methods to modulate these changes is essential. The present study aimed to determine the effect of aromatherapy with breast milk on physiological responses following pentavalent vaccination in infants.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 74 infants referred to urban health centers during 2020–2021. Samples were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups through permuted block randomization. In the intervention group, a cotton ball soaked with five drops of breast milk was placed near the infant from one minute before to three minutes after vaccination, while the control group received an odorless cotton ball. Pulse rate and arterial oxygen saturation were measured using a pulse oximeter. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and appropriate statistical tests.
Results: The demographic characteristics of the two groups were not significantly different. Both groups showed significant changes in oxygen saturation over time (P<0.05). Although heart rate was lower in the intervention group, the intergroup difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Although aromatherapy with breast milk may not directly alter oxygen saturation, it has the potential to support physiological regulation during painful or stressful procedures in infants. The relative stability of heart rate in the intervention group further suggests that breast-milk aromatherapy may serve as a non-pharmacological approach to reducing physiological stress responses in infants.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 74 infants referred to urban health centers during 2020–2021. Samples were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups through permuted block randomization. In the intervention group, a cotton ball soaked with five drops of breast milk was placed near the infant from one minute before to three minutes after vaccination, while the control group received an odorless cotton ball. Pulse rate and arterial oxygen saturation were measured using a pulse oximeter. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and appropriate statistical tests.
Results: The demographic characteristics of the two groups were not significantly different. Both groups showed significant changes in oxygen saturation over time (P<0.05). Although heart rate was lower in the intervention group, the intergroup difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Although aromatherapy with breast milk may not directly alter oxygen saturation, it has the potential to support physiological regulation during painful or stressful procedures in infants. The relative stability of heart rate in the intervention group further suggests that breast-milk aromatherapy may serve as a non-pharmacological approach to reducing physiological stress responses in infants.
Type of Study: Original Research |
Received: 2025/08/24 | Accepted: 2025/12/18 | Published: 2026/01/30
Received: 2025/08/24 | Accepted: 2025/12/18 | Published: 2026/01/30
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