Showing 18 results for Jafari
Ehsanollah Ghaznavi , Reza Zareie , Abolfazl Jafari , Mohammad Reza Palizvan , Ali Jourabchi , Latif Moini , Mohammad Rafiei ,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (2-2006)
Abstract
Background: Moraxella catarrhalis is Gram negative diplococci which is a member of Neisseriacae. It was considered as a harmless commensal of the upper respiratory tract. Since 1990 its pathogenecity was established and known as a common cause of respiratory infection, particularly otitis media, sinusitis and lower respiratory tract. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of Moraxella catarrhalis infection.
Materials and Methods: This study performed prospectively on 123 patients with lower respiratory infection, 42 patients with otitis media and 35 patients with sinusitis. Samples (sputum, middle ear fluid, and aspirate from sinuses) were cultured on microbiologic media. Moraxella catarrhalis was isolated from some of these samples and its identity was approved by catalase, superoxole, nitrate reduction, DNase, antibiogramm (disk diffusion) and nitrocefin test for β-lactamase.
Findings: the bacterium was isolated from 17 cases (11 lower respiratory infection, 4 otitis media, 2 sinusitis). There was no any relation between smoking and sex with the infection of Moraxella catarrhalis, but age (more than 50) and underlying diseases especially COPD was the risk factor for infection of Moraxella catarrhalis. Isolated bacteria were sensitive to ciprofloxacine, cefixime, and erythromycin and resistant to penecilline, amoxycilline, Co-trimoxazole, and vancomycine. Among the penecilline resistant bacteria, 93 percent produced β-lactamase.
Conclusion: Moraxella catarrhalis is an important pathogen in respiratory tract especially elderly with underlying COPD. In addition, Moraxella catarrhalis may be the single cause of sinusitis and otitis media. The very high incidence of antimicrobial resistat strain in our area emphasizes the need for more epidemiological studies.
Alireza Mesdaghinia , Masoud Yunesian , Simin Naseri , Ali Jafari , Ali Moradi , Farahnaz Farahdoust , Leila Yaghoubi ,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (Yafteh 2007)
Abstract
Mes daghin ia A1, Yunesian M2, Naseri S1, Jafari A3, Moradi A4, Farahdoust F5, Yaghoubi L6 1. Professor, Department of environmental health, Faculty of public health and institute of health research, Tehran University of medical sciences
2. Assistant professor, Department of environmental health, Faculty of public health and institute of health research, Tehran University of medical sciences
3. Instructor, Department of environmental health, Faculty of health, Lorestan University of medical sciences
4. Master of science, Epidemiology, Hamadan University of medical sciences
5. Master of science, Social researches
6. Bachelor of science, Environmental health
Abstract
Background: Environmental exposures usually occur to chemical, physical and microbiological factors. WHO has evaluated related loading of 25 risk factors that 7 of these are environmental factors. With regard to the lack of comprehensive studies, this survey was carried out in Tehran to investigate the knowledge of the citizens on environmental pollutions, related health effects and their information sources.
Materials and methods: Present survey was carried out on 1596 individual upper than 18 years old. Samples were taken randomly. Data was collected by phone interview. In order to determine correlation between qualitative variables, Chi -square test was used. In necessary condition OR index was used. Reliability of questions in any part was tested by principal component analysis.
Results: Results of this survey showed that in general 54.2% of people have a good knowledge about environmental pollution and health effects. The knowledge of women, youths (18 - 20years old), university educated people (PhD), westerns and northern, and those who had got their information from radio / TV is more than others. The knowledge of people about the environmental pollution and their health effects with education level and source of information had a significant difference. After elimination the effect of variables that probably interfere with knowledge of people, logistic regression was done. In this case, there was a correlation between education level and information sources. More than 80% of people got their information from radio and TV. Newspaper and social conversation were the next important sources, respectively.
Conclusion: Although Tehran citizen knowledge about some environmental problems and related institutions was low, in general, Tehran citizens knowledge about the problem and special health issues resulted from air pollution was good. With regard to importance of environmental factors in public health because of machinery life especially in large cities of our country, more research should be accomplished to identify and how to control them.
Seyed Hamed Mirhossaini , Mohsen Mohammadi , Mehdi Birjandi , Bahram Kamarehi , Ali Jafari, Hasan Hosein Zadegan, Alaleh Moharrari,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (yafteh 2009)
Abstract
Background: Legionella is a negative aquatic bacterium and one of the most common nosocomial pathogen. Hospital environment in case of growth, aerosol transmission system and endangered individuals are the high potential location for growth and prevalence of this agent. The suitable temperature in water reservoirs and water distribution system empowered the growth of this bactria. The purpose of this investigation is the study of legionella presence in khorramabad water distribution system.
Materials and Methods: Sampling performed with fifteen-day periods of each cold and hot hospital water reservoirs and also cold and hot water taps in those hospital wards which have more pathogens. Each of samples concentrate high vulnerable membrane and from each sample 2 plates were cultured with BCYE and GVPC optional culture media and the growth of bacteria in third and seventh and tenth days were controlled and registered.
Results: From 240 samples of five Khorramabad hospitals 41.7 percent of the samples were positive. The percent of positive samples of Ashayer, Tamin ejtemaee, Tohid, and Asalian were respectively 68.8, 45.5, 33.3, 9.1 and 36.4 percent and the residual mean chlorine of samples were respectively 0.38, 0.52, 0.46, 0.82 and 0.62mg/l. The most positive samples related to hot shower and the lowest value related to cold water taps.
Conclusion: In spite of the fact that all hospitals used treated water, but from 240 collected samples, 100 samples in different sections of hospital were positive these results show direct relation between residual chlorine value and presence of legionella, by the manner that in 0.6 mg/l and higher values of residual chlorine none of samples were positive. So usually the residual chlorine value in water distribution system is not enough to legionella against.
Bahram Kamarehei , Seyed Hamed Mirhosseini , Ali Jafari, Ghorban Asgari , Mehdi Bierjandi , Zeinab Rostami,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (yafte 2010)
Abstract
with industrial and economic growth and different material production that humans gained from natural resources for their comfort and walfare, inwardly introduced toxic material and heavy metal entered environment that there created serious problems for themselves and environment. This study accomplished to determine heavy metal concentration (As, Ba, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr)in water resources and river of Borujerd city in 2008-2009. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine heavy metal concentration (As, Ba, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr) in water resources and river of Borujerd city. 54 samples of water were taken from 18 drinking water wells, and also in two times 8 samples of Borujerd river were taken from before and after the city. Then samples carried into the lab and were concentrated ten times using expressed methods and standard methods. Then heavy metal concentration determined by AAP (WFX 130) and results analyzed by SPSS and EXCEL software. Results: Heavy metal concentration average (As, Ba, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr) in drinking water wells were 0. 0, 0. 3222, 0. 0014, 0. 0002, 0. 0077 mg/l respectively. and heavy metal concentration in river water after the city has been increased than before the city. Conclusion: Results indicated that heavy metal concentration average in Borujerd drinking water wells were lower than standard amounts and drinking water wells didn’t pollute with heavy metal. But heavy metal concentration in river water after the city has been increased than the before of it because city waste water enters the city river.
Dr Ghodratollah Shams Khorramabadi , Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani , Dr Abas Rezaee, Dr Ahmad Jonidi Jafari ,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (8-2011)
Abstract
One of the most important environmental problems is water and soil contamination with heavy metal ions. In this direction, the aim of this investigation was biosorptive removal of Cr (VI) using calcium alginate and determination of isotherm and kinetic of biosorption.
Materials and Methods: Using batch system, biosorption capacity of calcium alginate for removal of Cr(VI) ions was investigated as function of pH, shaking time and Cr(VI) ions concentration. For determination of active bands and biosorbent characteristic, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis were carried out respectively.
Results: Regarding the FT-IR analysis, It was shown that C=O and O–H groups played a significant role in Cr (VI) biosorption onto alginate calcium. The optimum pH was obtained at pH value of 4.0. Suitable fitness between the experimental data and studied isotherm was obtained (R2>0.9). Maximum biosorption capacity of calcium alginate was 84.75 mg/g. The mean free energy of Cr(VI) biosorption (E) was calculated 9.129 kJ/mol. Moreover, the pseudo-second order kinetic model was found to be suitable than the pseudo-first order kinetic model to correlate the experimental data (R2>0.97) and equilibrium was achieved within 120 min.
Conclusion: It can be stated that biosorption of Cr (VI) onto calcium alginate occurs through a chemical mechanism. Also, according to maximum biosorption capacity, it can be stated that calcium alginate is an effective and efficient biosorbent.
Sharareh Khodabakhshi, Amin Rahimikia, Hasan Jafari,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (6-2014)
Abstract
Background: In recent years, the students' mental health has attracted a lot of attention. Many factors effect on the mental health. Nowadays, spirituality is considered as one of the important aspects of the humanistic action, which has a permanent relation with health and recovery, so the main goal of this investigation is to identify the relationship between spiritual Quotient and mental health of the students of Lorestan university of medical sciences. Materials and Methods: The descriptive correlation method was applied in this investigation. The statistical population of this research consistsed of all the students (2238) of Lorestan university of medical sciences. Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size, and 330 students were selected by the arbitrary relative categorized method. The instruments for data gathering were Goldberg's GHa-23 (1972) and spiritual intelligence of Badie et al. The instruments credit was measured through content validty and the reliability of the questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha method. Besides the indexes of the descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation, inferential statistics tests such as Pearson's coefficient correlation and multiple regression analysis and independent T test were utilized to analyze the data and testing the research hypothesizes. Results: The results showed that there is a positive relationship between spiritual quotient and the dimensions of the mental health (community orientation and moral dimension. "The ability to confront and deal with the problem", "moral virtues", "self-consciousness, love and interest"). The dimension of "self-consciousness, love and interest" and "community orientation" have a significant role in predicting the mental health. Conclusion: Spiritual quotient has a positive influence on the individuals' mental health. The results show that people with a moral life are more healthy from the viewpoint of phycology.
Fatemeh Jafari Pour , Tahereh Toulabi, Halimeh Khaton Zare Elmi , Sabah Khoshnoud, Somayeh Riahi, Hadis Koganinejad ,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (special issue of passive defense 2017)
Abstract
Background: Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) has been known as a hemorrhagic fever, a severe and often fatal illness among humans.
Materials and Methods: This virus is transmitted through contact with the blood or body fluids of an infected person, infected objects such as needles, infected animals or bush meat. The history of mortality was more than 80 percent, but modern medical and public health had been able to reduce this figure and the impact of Ebola on individuals and communities.
Results: Currently there is no standard treatment for Ebola, so preventing infection and preventing further spread of the virus is important. Since the mortality rate is high and there is no specific treatment for it and it is also possible to use it as a biological weapon in wars. Therefore, a review of epidemiology, clinical and laboratory symptoms and management of this disease is needed as a first step for accurate diagnosis and timely response.
Conclosion: In this regard, the present review article was conducted using the keywords of Ebola Virus, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Bioterrorism in Pubmed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, SID, Google and other websites.
Farzane Hasanvandi, Ali Ashraf Jafari, Shahla Ahmadi,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (2-2018)
Abstract
Background: In order to study of dry matter yield and essential oil efficiency in8 accession of three species Saturja in agricultural research station of Khorramabad, the experiment was carried out during 2010.
Materials and Methods: Seeds of the accession were sown in pots and transferred to field in 14-16 leaves stage seedling. The spaced plants were cultivated in randomized complete blocks with three replications. For measurement of essential oil efficiency, in the flowering stage, the foliages were harvested and dried. The essential oil was extracted by vapor method distillation. The essential oil production was calculated by dry matter yield x oil%. The data were collected and analyzed for yield and morphological traits. The means of treatments were compared by DMRT method.
Results: The results showed significant that differences between species and accession within species for all of the traits except plant surviving rate (P<0.01). The species of S.mutica had higher values than means of two other species.
Conclusion: Results obtained in this study showed that dry matter yield and oil content of S.mutica is more than S.Khuzestanica and S.rechingeri. This species was proposed as a suitable species for domestication and cultivation in Khorramabad region.
Bahram Kamarehie, Ali Jafari, Rouhollah Heydari, Ali Abbariki,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (4-2018)
Abstract
Background : The indiscriminate consumption of antibiotics and their discharge into the environment have created serious complications. Therefore, it is necessary to remove these contaminants from the aquatic environment. The antibiotic Metronidazole is a contaminant that should be eliminated from the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the Electro-Fenton advanced oxidation process for the removal of metronidazole from aqueous solution.
Materials and Methods: This research method was experimental and bench scale. The influence of factors such as solution pH, reaction time, the initial concentration of metronidazole, electric current, and hydrogen peroxide concentration on the removal efficiency were investigated.
Results: In this study, the dose of hydrogen peroxide, electric current, and reaction time had a positive effect on metronidazole removal efficiency, while the initial concentration of metronidazole had a negative effect. The optimal values of variable for the removal of more than 99% metronidazole were: pH =7, current 30v, reaction time 40min, dose of hydrogen peroxide 0.02 mol/l and the initial concentration of metronidazole 10mg/l.
Conclusion: The Electro-Fenton process can effectively remove metronidazole from aquatic solutions in environmentally convenient conditions. This process can be used as an efficient method for removing other persistent pollutants from the environment.
Ali Jafari, Fatemeh Ahmadi,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, broad synthesis and application of azo dyes result in environmental and health concerns. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration in the removal of reactive black 5 dye from aqueous solutions.
Materials and Methods: In this study, Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was used as a cationic surfactant. A polyacrilonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration membrane (20 kDa) was used in cross-flow operation where the retentate was recirculated to the feed tank and the permeate was collected over certain times. For better understanding the effect of operating variables and their interactions on the performance, response surface methodology (RSM) was used. Three independent parameters including pH (4, 7 and 10), initial CTAB / dye ratio (5, 10 and 15) and trans-membrane pressure (TMP) (2, 3.5 and 5 bar) were applied.
Results: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that dye rejection was primarily influenced by CTAB/dye ratio was statistically significant (p-value <0.05). It was found that flux was affected by TMP, while pH and CTAB/ Dye had less influence on the flux. In optimum conditions (around neutral pH (7) low pressure (2 bar) and CTAB/dye of 12.5, about 100% of dye could be rejected from the aqueous stream according to the build model. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (R2>0.9) confirmed that RSM based on the Box–Behnken was a suitable method for optimizing the main operating variables of dye rejection by the EMUF process for this range of variables.
Conclusion: This study revealed that MEUF using CTAB under different operating conditions could efficiently remove reactive black-5 dye.
Hosein Jafari, Hosein Honari, Jamil Zargan, Saeed Tamadoni Jahromi,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background: The Persian Gulf is one of the habitats of different species of jellyfish. Most jellyfish species are venomous. The venom of Rhopilema nomadica jellyfish, which is found in the Persian Gulf, is a compound protein with the effects of neurotoxin, cytolysin and hemolysin. The purpose of this study is the isolation and characterization of R. nomadica venom and the investigation of its hemolytic effects on blood cells.
Materials and Methods: The R. nomadica was sampled from the tidal zone of the northern coast of Qeshm Island. After it was transferred to a laboratory in Bandar Abbas with an optimized method, the venom was extracted and isolated by the Sephadex G200 chromatography gel. SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis was used to evaluate the molecular weight of its compounds. The lethal dose of the isolated venom was assessed by subcutaneous injection into the mice, and then the hemolytic activity on erythrocytes of different species was evaluated .
Results: R. nomadica venom was isolated from nematocytes by an optimized method, and after determining the protein concentration of 1.7 mg / ml and passing the chromatography column, two peaks were obtained. The molecular weights of 45, 65 and 95 kDa were determined by passing through the SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis. Subsequently, the lethal dose (LD50) was detected, and the rate of activity of the venom was evaluated.
Conclusion: The existence of active compounds in the venom of R. nomadica damages swimmers. The effect of the hemolytic activity of the venom that depends on the concentration of venom and the type of blood cells varies in different species. We showed that RBCs of mice are more susceptible to lysis by the venom than human or sheep RBCs.
Ali Reza Jabbari, Faezeh Zahabi, Hassan Jafari, Nasrin Sharbafchi-Zadeh,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background: As a control tool, performance evaluation has always been a concern for managers. Hence, the present study aimed to apply a balanced scorecard approach to assess the performance of educational hospitals in Khorramabad before and after the development of the health system (2013 and 2017).
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-comparative study was conducted in 2013 and 2017 using a balanced scorecard model. The statistical population included all educational hospitals in Khorramabad. The performance of every hospital was examined based on the dimensions and indicators of the study using SPSS-22 software.
Results: There were significant differences between the performance of the educational hospitals of Khorramabad in terms of customer orientation and internal processes before and after the implementation of health system reform (p<0.05). Nevertheless, there were no significant distinctions between the hospitals with regard to growth, learning and financial issues (p> 0/05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that two dimensions of the balanced scorecard approach were improved following the implementation of health care reform plan in Khorramabad educational hispitals
Fatemeh Kushki Nasab, Mansour Ghaderpoori, Ali Jafari,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background: Large amount of solid waste is annually produced in Kuhdasht city. These waste materials are decomposed by anaerobic microorganisms after burying in disposal site and produce large amounts of gases (mainly methane and carbon dioxide). This study aimed to estimate the gas emission from solid waste disposal of Kuhdasht city using a tool known as LandGEM software.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in three steps. In the first stage, physical analysis of the waste materials was carried out. In the second stage, the population of the city was calculated for different years of the plan based on growth rate factor and other influencing factors. In the third stage, the amount of methane emissions and the production potential was obtained. Finally, by entering the data into the software the amount of landfill gas emission was calculated.
Results: The generated gases from Kuhdasht landfill was estimated based on the 50% as volume percentage for methanT, 202 m3 / Mg as a potential gas production and 0.045 y-1 as methane production rate. The results showed that the maximum emissions occurred in 2019. The total amount of LFGs, methane, carbon dioxide, non-methane materials were 7013, 1873, 5140, 80.52 Mg /y, respectively.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the proportional volumes of different gases are produced at Kuhdasht landfill. Based on these results, the gas generation in the landfill is in agreement with the classic pattern of gas generation in the landfills. So it is possible to apply some plans to use methane gas for energy production, as well as strategies for controlling the emission of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.
Ali Hatami Bardar, Mohsen Azimi Nejad, Mojtaba Jafarinia, Hamid Reza Goodarzi, Majid Mojarrad,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background: The hurler syndrome is the most common form of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). In the present experiment, we intended to generate an IDUA targeting CRISPR-Cas system and deactivate the target gene using it.
Materials and Methods: IUDA targeting sgRNA pair were cloned into the px335 plasmid and resulted plasmid identity was confirmed using restriction mapping. Recombinant plasmid was transfected into the human epithelial cell line, HEK-293. Mutated clones were screened by melting analysis and their mutation was characterized by Sanger sequencing.
Results: Analytical digestion and Sanger sequencing confirmed indel mutation induction in two clones in heterozygote and one clone in homozygote state.
Conclusion: In this study, we produced an IDUA knockout cell model using CRISPR-nCas9 system. This model can be used in the therapeutic approaches of this disease.
Saeed Pirmoradi, Hedieh Jafari,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a subset of small regulatory RNAs that are expressed by almost all metazoans and protozoans. They express genes either by direct cleavage or by suppressing the translation of target mRNAs by partial complementary base pairing. The active and functional unit of miRNA is a complex of Argonaute proteins known as microRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC). They are known to regulate various growth and physiological processes. Irregular expression of miRNA in human cells is associated with a variety of disorders such as cancer, cardiovascular dysfunction, liver damage, immune dysfunction, metabolic syndromes, and pathogenic infections.
A growing number of studies have shown that miRNAs are in fact a major component of host interactions and pathogens and play an important role in host immune responses to microorganisms. Emerging miRNAs are recognized as important tools for the genetic study, therapeutic development, and diagnosis of human pathogenic infections caused by various pathogenic organisms such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi. Many pathogens use the host miRNA system for their own benefits, including pathogenesis, survival within the host cell, and crossing some host immune barriers. Other pathogens express their miRNA within the host and contribute to their replication, survival, or delay. This article aims to review the role and importance of miRNA in relation to some important parasitic diseases.
Maryam Mousavi, Mojtaba Fathi, Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi, Seyed Mehrdad Kassaee, Ali Jafari Heidarloo,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers worldwide with a high prevalence among middle-aged people. This study aimed to evaluate and compare changes in serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), as two important tumor markers, in the diagnosis of different stages of colorectal cancer.
Materials and Methods: This basic research was conducted on hospitalized patients with colorectal cancer (n=67). At first, tissue samples and venous blood samples were collected from patients. Subsequently, CEA and CA19-9 tumor markers were measured by enzyme-linked fluorescence assay and cellular changes were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin staining.
Results: In this study, 57.6% and 43.3% of the patients were male and female, of which 59.7% (40 patients) cases were over 61 years old. The most common sites of tissue involvement were found to be the rectum and sigmoid. In the acute phase of the disease, a decrease was observed in the number of red blood cells (P=0.0091) and the level of hemoglobin (P=0.141); however, the number of platelets remained unchanged (P=0.212). In addition, lymphocyte and neutrophil counts increased at first, while they decreased later. The findings showed that there was a significant relationship between these two tumor markers and disease levels.
Conclusion: Our results indicated that although these tumor markers are not suitable factors for the diagnosis of this cancer in the early stages, they can be used as two important markers to diagnose the progression of the disease.
Mansour Ghaderpouri, Ali Jafari, Mahdieh Janbozorgi,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background: Natural Organic Matters (NOMs) are pollutants that exist in many drinking water resources, cause many problems in drinking water treatment processes, and have adverse effects on human health. For this reason, these substances must be removed from drinking water via a proper method. Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are novel adsorbents that have been widely considered in recent years. In this study, Uio-66 functionalized with NH2 was synthesized and applied for humic acid adsorption (as a natural organic matter) removal from water.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in a batch reactor and on a laboratory scale. Firstly, the characteristics of the synthesized adsorbent were investigated. Then, the effect of different parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, and initial concentration of humic acid on adsorption process was also investigated. Additionally, isotherms and kinetics of humic acid adsorption on Uio-66-NH2 adsorbent were determined. The data analysis and isotherms comparisons were conducted using linear regression and determination coefficient.
Results: In this study, the analysis confirmed the structure and properties of the fabricated nanoparticles. The adsorbent surface area was 673.4 m2/g. The results also showed that the optimal pH for adsorption of humic acid was in the range of 5 to 7, the optimal dose of adsorbent was 0.8 g/L, and the maximum adsorption of humic acid was 2.2 mg/g of adsorbent.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present research, humic acid adsorption isotherm on the adsorbent was in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm model and its adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The current study revealed that by optimization of the condition, the adsorbent can be used for organic matter removal.
Bahram Kamarehie, Mohsen Saki Jafari, Ali Jafari, Mansour Ghaderpoori,
Volume 25, Issue 2 (8-2023)
Abstract
Background: Using baking soda and salt in preparing bread has different health effects on consumers. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the amount of baking soda, the percentage of salt, and the pH value in all kinds of bread produced in Khorramabad, Lorestan, Iran, in 2019.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on bread consumed in Khorramabad during 12 months. The total number of samples was equal to 72 samples, including 24 Berber bread, 24 Sangak bread, and 24 lavash bread. The pH value, percentage of salt, and baking soda of baked samples, in each bread sample and in each season, was determined by standard method 2628.
Results: The max and min pH values were observed in Berber (6.47) and Sangak (5.10) breads, respectively. The max and min percentage of salt was observed in Berber and Sangak breads and lavash, respectively. In all the analyzed breads, on average, the min and max salt percentages were equal to 0.39 and 1.67, respectively.
Conclusion: Although the amount of baking soda in the preparation of bread has decreased compared to the last decade, the results of this study and other studies show that the unauthorized use of baking soda in the preparation of bread, especially Sangak and Berber, is still continuing in the country, especially in Khorramabad. Therefore, carrying out control and monitoring measures to manage this health problem should be considered in a consistent and continuous manner.
