Yafteh

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Introduction: Complications due to iodine deficiency involve millions of people throughout the world . Suitable ways to restore iodine deficiency are iodized salt and iodized oil , so that one dose of iodized oil can meet iodine deficiency for 3-5 years. The aim of this study was to assess dermatological complications of Lipiodol injection in Khorramabad. Materials and Methods : In this retrospective study dermatological effects due to injection of 0.5-1 ml Lipiodol in 116 patients who referred to Khorramabad dermatology clinic during the second half of the year 1998 , were studied .Data collecting tool was a questionnaire. Findings : From 116 patients 115 were female and one of them was male. About 78% of the skin complications have been occurred one month after the injection and more in the age group of 24-33(43.96%) . 25.8% of the cases had history of allergy to food and drug . 91.3% of the lesions belonged to injection place (hip and arm) and the rest (8.7%) was generalized . Lesions had been mostly started with itching of injecting area and then some erythema rashes and local edema have been added .In some cases edema and erythema involved the body surface completely. Conclusion: According to the present data it can be deduced that skin lesions probable mechanism is delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Thus regarding too less dermatological complications due to Lipiodol injection, this method of iodizing can still be a useful treatment in goiter hyper endemic regions provided considering special arrangements for high risk people .

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Introduction: Chronic prostatitis is an obtrusive, annoying and common disease that many people are suffering from it, and it is followed by complicated problems for the patient and the treating physician because of recrudescence of the disease. Materials and Methods: In this interventional study 20 patients with prostatitis, who had no satisfactory answer to the common pharmacotherapy, were selected randomly and were candidate for surgery, before operation the patients’ personal information and their disease symptoms were recorded in a special questionnaire, then patients were put in current of surgery procedures and its probable complications, and finally in case of written satisfaction of the patients, they undergo TUI surgery. After six months from operation and later follows- up, before and after operation the symptoms were compared. The criteria for studying evident symptoms of chronic prostatitis include: nocturia, polyuria, irritation of urine, caliber and unnormal flow of urine, drop by drop urination at the end of urination, pain during intercourse, return of ejaculation into bladder (probable complication of the surgery) and sexuality disorder. Gathered data was analyzed using Wilcoxon test. Findings: Results showed that patients treated with TUI returned to a good state of health significantly in comparison with their condition before the surgery. Evident symptoms of chronic prostatitis reduced (p>0.05) significantly too. The patients were quite satisfied, as well as need for pharmacotherapy decreased significantly. Conclusion: TUI is recommended as a suitable alternative treatment for patients with chronic prostatitis resistant to pharmacotherapy.

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Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common abnormality and is associated with symptoms like abdominal pain or defecation discomfort (i.e., constipation or diarrhea). Treatment of this abnormality requires a high cost. Psychiatric complications of this syndrome are numerous accordingly %20 to %60 of affected individuals suffers from them. Anxiety, depression and somatoform disorders are the most frequent complications. Materials and methods: This cross sectional-descriptive study was performed during 6 months on 76 patients who suffered from different gut abnormalities. The research tools were a general health questionnaire (GHQ-28), Rome–II criteria for diagnosis of irritable gut, demographic characteristic check list and clinical interview. Results: The prevalence of IBS was higher among females, married persons, younger people and city dwellers (p<0/05). The prevalence of the syndrome was not differed significantly among people with different levels of literacy. The incidence of depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms differed in control and IBS-affected groups, but there was not a significant difference between them in relation to social functionality (p<0/05). Conclusion: There is a strong relationship between psychological factors and IBS. Mental abnormalities such as depression, distress and somatic symptoms are prevalent among these individuals. So, paying attention to these mental disorders and use of non-medicinal treatment modalities along with medicinal treatments can lead to the reduction of treatment expense and better symptomatic therapy.

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Psychotherapy for bipolor disorder has been very much neglected. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the meta cognitive, emotional processing training (MEPT) with medical and standard therapy (drug) in increasing emotional, cognitive and social skills, of the patients with bipolar disorders. Materials and Methods: This semi experimental study with control group was carried out on 32 females in the 16-40 age bracket, diagnosed with bipolar disorder by means of DSM - IV –R criteria selected among referrals from Isfahan hospitals and psychology clinics. One group randomly received medical therapy plus MEPT. The second group (control group) received standard drug therapy. Data gathering instruments were a semi – structural interview based on DSM – IV – R criteria and the following questionnaires: Mania (Bech, et al, 1979), Depression (Hamilton, 1980), Emotional intelligence (Cooper, 1999), Self – control (Rosenbaum, 1980), Insigt (David, et al, 1992), Social function (Hurry, et al, 1983). And the Aconomic, social, cultural questionnaire was used to control social ststus of the subjects. this questionnaire was made by the researcher. Results: The MEPT method influenced on increasing all of the emotional skills, sub scales and total scales. And also influenced on cognitive scales such as: dysfunctional thought, (p=0. 000), insight (p=0. 05), self – control (p=0. 000). Social skills could be increased (p=0. 02) by use of MEPT. Conclusion: Using pschological treatment in addition to pharmacotherapy increases treatment efficay. Therefor an educational program about MEPT is necessary for therapists.

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Cancers are the 2nd cause of death, especially gastric and esophagus cancers are among the most fatal cancers in Iran. The aim of the present study is to estimate and compare the survival rates in patients with gastric and esophagus cancers. Materials and Methods: After extracting information of patients with gastric and esophagus cancers registered in cancer registry of Fars province, they followed by telephone contact. Data analysis was carried out by two statistical methods including Kaplan-Meier and Life-table. Results: There were 442 cases with gastric cancer and 161 cases with esophagus cancer. One and five-year overall survival rates using Kaplan-Meier method were 54 and 16 percent percent in gastric cancer and 53 and 9 percent in esophagus cancer patients, respectively. Also, using life-table method overall 1 and 5- year survival rates of gastric cancer were 57 and 16 percent and esophagus cancer were 58 and 10 percent. There was no significant difference between survival rates in above cancers. Conclusion: Results showed that there was no difference between survival rates in above cancers and only a few patients survive 5 years after diagnose of their disease. Therefore, accomplishment of measurements is necessary for improvement of patients’ lifetime.

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Background: Depression is one of the common our age psychiatry disorders. The purpose of the present study to determine the effect of family psychoeducation and standard treatment medical on improvement and prevent relapse symptoms of major depression patients. Materials and Methods: This is a clinical trial using convenience sampling method to randomly recruit 60 patients admitted with major depression disorder and were randomly allocated into two equal groups. Two groups received standard treatment medical that one of the groups in eight under went family psychoeducation sessions. Beck Depression Inventory II was applied to all two groups befor and after and follow –up stages .Data analyzed by covariance (Ancova)test. Results: our findings indicated there were significant difference between Experimental group and control group after therapeutic interventions and follow-up stages (P<0.05). Conclusion: Standard treatment medical in addition to by family psychoeducation in major depression disorder patients can more efficient in improving and prevent relapse depression of symptoms in compared to standard treatment medical.

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Background : Manipulative skills are one of the fundamental skills subtitles which is used in most of daily and sports activities. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of traditional games and ordinary games on manipulative skills development in 8-10 years old Gorgan boys with educable mental retardation. Materials and Methods: Personal information was evaluated by the researcher made questionnaire and children's intelligence by the Wechsler test. Also, manipulative skills were assessed by the Test of Gross Motor Development- edition 2 (TGMD-2) in pre-test. Then, participants were distributed into two groups traditional games (n=15) and ordinary games (n=15) randomly. Post-test of TGMD-2 were done from two groups after 8 weeks training (3 sessions per week and 45 min for each session). Data analyzes was done by independent t-test, paired t-test and variance analysis with repeated measurement in a significant rate (α= 0.05). Results: The two groups showed significant improvements in manipulation skills, but the improvement of traditional games group was significantly more than ordinary games group in all of measured manipulating skills (throwing, catching, kicking, striking, dribbling , rolling a ball) (p<0.05). Conclusion: It can be said, selected traditional games could be an appropriate program for the manipulative skills development of children.

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