Showing 7 results for Apoptosis
Alireza Khalatbary , Taghi Tarihi , Hosein Naderimanesh,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (10-2007)
Abstract
Khalatbary AR1, Tarihi T2, Naderimanesh H3 1. Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences 2. Professor, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ttarbiat Modarres University , Tehran 3. Professor, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University , Tehran Abstract Background: Apoptosis is an active process in which the activity of enzymes, chromatin condensation and apoptotic body formation are dependent on energy. Therefore apoptosis is likely to have a high energy demand. The aim of this investigation was to study the ATP level in apoptotic cells. Materials and methods: Fifty mice (BALB/c) were divided into 2 groups. Experimental and control groups were intraperitoneally injected with 20 mg/kg of dexamethasone and PBS respectively. After 16 hours, the thymus in both of the groups was removed. One lobe of the thymus was processed for microscopic study, while ATP level in the other lobe was measured by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Results: ATP level in apoptotic cells was 86% of that in normal cells. Conclusion: This study indicated that apoptosis is an active process and the level of ATP remains high during cell death process.
Layasadat Khorsandi , Mahmood Orazizadeh ,
Volume 14, Issue 5 (2-2013)
Abstract
Background : Previous studies have demonstrated that Dexamethasone, a widely used GC, induces apoptosis in testis by decreasing the testosterone levels. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a member of the ß-galactoside-binding lectins, plays critical roles in diverse biological events including cell growth, apoptosis, cell adhesion and immunomodulation. In this study, the effects of Dexamethasone (Dex) on galectin-3 (Gal-3) expression in the mouse testicular tissue were investigated.
Materials and Methods: Sixteen male NMRI (6-8 weeks old) randomly divided into two groups. Experimental group received 7 mg/kg Dex for 7 days by intrapritoneal injection. Control group received normal saline for 7 days by intrapritoneal injection.One day after the last injection the mice were sacrificed and the samples were collected (from adult NMRI mice), fixed in 10% buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin for immunohistochemistry and TUNEL studies. HSCORE was used for scaling and comparison of results.
Results: In the control group, seminiferous tubules showed positive immunoreactivity to Gal-3 at all stages. In particular, stages of VII-VIII showed the most immunoreactivity. The expression pattern of Bcl-2 and Galectin-3 was similar in both control and experimental groups.
HSCORE assessments showed a significant decrease in expression of Gal-3 at all stages of spermatogenic cycle in Dex treated mice (P<0.001). ). Apoptotic index (AI) showed a significant increase at all stages of spermatogenesis cycle in the experimental group (P<0.01)
Conclusion: Reduction in expression of Gal-3 in seminiferous tubules in Dex treated mice indicates that it probably involves in testicular germ cell apoptosis.
Omid Yaghoobpour Yekani , Mohamad Ali Azarbayjani, Maghsoud Peeri, Parvin Farzanegi,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (2-2018)
Abstract
Background:Anti-inflammation and anti-apoptotic effects of physical activity have been proven and its effectiveness depends on intensity, duration and type.
Since obesity is considered as a mild chronic inflammation, it is reasonable that the degenerative damages occurin tissues, especially in the liver as the center of metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two types aerobic training (endurance and high intensity interval training) on markers of hepatocyte apoptosis in rats fed with high fat diet.
Materials and Methods: In an experimental trial, 28 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control-normal diet, control-high fat diet, endurance training-high fat diet and high intensity training-high fat diet. In the first stage, rats were fed with high fat diet for 13 weeks.Then, they trained for 12 weeks, 5 sessions per week. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were anesthetized and the liver tissue was removed to evaluate the expression of regulatory genes in the pathway of apoptosis.
Results: High intensity training induced significant increase in the expression BAX gene(P=0.001) whereas, there was no significant effects on BCL-2 gene (p=0.06). High intensity training compared with endurance training caused an increase in BAX/ Bcl-2 ratio. Pattern of Caspase-9 changes was similar to the BAX/ BCL-2 ratio.
Conclusion: The results showed that the effect of physical activity on the pathway of hepatocytes apoptosis depends on the type and intensity of training. Therefore, it is recommended to use moderate endurance training to protect the liver from damage caused by high fat diet.
Rasul Shahrooz, Mones Moloody-Tappe, Mazdak Razi, Lila Zarei, Vahid Mohammadi,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: As a chemotherapy drug which is used for the treatment of cancer, busulfan causes certain complications in tissues, including the genital system, due to the existence of free radicals. Preserving the reproductive system and fertility with medications and antioxidant supplements seems necessary in these patients.
Materials & Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were used in 4 groups of 8. For the control group, the busulfan solution was injected (incl. DMSO + PBS) at a volume of 0.1 ml, and for the busulfan group, a single dose of 10 mg / kg was injected intraperitoneally. The Co.A Q10 group received 10 mg / kg of body weight daily (0.15 ml) by intraperitoneal injection for 35 days. At the end of the experiment, the serum of animals was collected in order to measure the antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase. Moreover, after measuring the testicular to testicle ratio, the testicles were divided into two parts and evaluated for the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 genes, and immunohistochemical staining they got.
Results: The results showed that oxidative stress increased in muscles treated by busulfan in 35 days, while it was significantly decreased in the Co.A Q10 receptor group by increasing antioxidant enzymes. RT-PCR evaluation showed that Caspase 3 and Bcl-2 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in the group receiving busulfan alone.
Conclusion: The use of Co.A Q10 supplementation can lead to a renewal of spermatogenesis due to the reduction of oxidative stress and the effect on apoptosis in busulfan treated mice
Abdollah Bagheri, Ahmad Hematfar, Mahdi Roozbahani, Naser Behpur,
Volume 23, Issue 0 (11-2021)
Abstract
Background: Apoptosis plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular complications, especially acute myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that exercise can alter the pathways of myocardial apoptosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of two weeks of intense intermittent exercise on Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspas-3 in the heart tissue of male rats.
Materials and Methods: 20 male Wistar rats aged 8 weeks (mean weight 224.41 5 5.1 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, training, stroke and stroke-training. The training groups performed two weeks of intense intermittent training in four sections. The first section received two sessions three days a week, each session consisting of four intense two-minute intervals at a speed of 35 to 40 meters per minute, with an active 2-minute rest interval between the two rotations. The exercises of the second part included two days a week, two sessions each day containing 4 intense 2-minute intervals and 3 2-minute active rest intervals. The third section, on three days a week, included 5 intense cycles and 4 active rest cycles. The fourth part consisted of two days a week with the same intensity as the third part, but with an increase in the frequency of activity and active rest in each session. Finally, Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspas-3 proteins were measured using ELISA kit in blood samples taken from heart tissue and the data obtained using the analysis of variance were measured. Paths were analyzed at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: There was a significant decrease in Bax and Caspas-3 indices between exercise-stroke and stroke groups (P = 0.000), but Bcl-2 index in exercise-stroke group increased significantly compared to stroke group. (P = 0.000) was associated.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, performing 2 weeks of intense intermittent exercise reduces apoptosis and myocardial infarction and can protect the heart from possible injuries.
Ayat Moradipour, Hassan Dariushnejad, Changiz Ahmadizadeh, Hamed Esmaeil Lashgarian,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (11-2023)
Abstract
Background: Carvacrol is a natural monoterpene phenolic compound that has biological activities with therapeutic applications, and this study aimed to investigate the apoptotic effect of Carvacrol on the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231.
Materials and Methods: After the preparation and cultivation of MDA-MB-231 cells, the IC50 value of Carvacrol on the cells was evaluated by the MTT assay method, and then the induction of apoptosis in the cell line treated with different concentrations of Carvacrol was observed by DAPI staining. The qPCR method was used to check the expression levels of Bax, P53, and Bcl-2 genes at the mRNA level. The results were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 9 software.
Results: The results showed that the cytotoxicity of Carvacrol against MDA-MB-231 cancer cells was dose-dependent at 24 (P=0.034) and 48 (P=0.041) hours. The IC50 of Carvacrol at 48 h was 154.2 μM. The MDA-MB-231 cells treated with Carvacrol showed induction of apoptosis from the mitochondrial pathway by increasing the expression of P53 and BAX genes and decreasing the expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene. In addition, the number of apoptotic cells with dense DNA increased significantly in the Carvacrol treatment group (P=0.001).
Conclusion: This study showed that treatment of the MDA-MB-231 cell line with Carvacrol can inhibit its growth and proliferation through the induction of apoptosis from the BAX/BCL-2 pathway. Considering the significant inhibitory effect of the treatment of cells with the Carvacrol compound, it seems that there is a suitable research field for using this compound in the control and treatment of breast cancer.
Amir Keyhani, Iraj Sharifi, Behroz Ezatpour, Fatemeh Sakifar, Hossein Mahmoudvand,
Volume 26, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: This study aims to investigate the in vitro effects of ethanolic extract of Nectaroscordeum koelzii on the growth and induction of apoptosis in promastigotes of Leishmania tropica.
Materials and Methods: A growth inhibition test was conducted to evaluate the effects of the extracts and a control drug on human macrophage cell lines (THP-1) and promastigotes of the standard strain of Leishmania tropica (MHOM/IR/2002/Mash2), which was obtained from the Leishmaniasis Research Center of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. The MTT method (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) was used for this evaluation. Additionally, the activity of the caspase-3-like enzyme in promastigotes was assessed using colorimetric Caspase-3 activity assay kits (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), following the manufacturer's instructions.
Results: The ethanolic extract of N. koelzii significantly reduced the viability of L. tropica promastigotes (P < 0.001), with an inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) value of 88.7 μg/ml. The findings also indicated that the extract significantly increased the activation of the caspase-3 enzyme (P < 0.01). the cytotoxic concentration 50 (CC50) values for the ethanolic extract of N. koelzii and glucantime on THP-1 macrophage cells were 496.9 μg/ml and 1215.2 μg/ml, respectively.
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate the potential anti-leishmanial effects of the ethanolic extract of N. koelzii on the promastigotes of Leishmania tropica. Induction of apoptosis may also be one of the most significant cellular mechanisms underlying the anti-parasitic effects of this extract. Additionally, the findings demonstrate that this extract exhibits low cytotoxicity towards normal human cells. However, further studies are needed to investigate the exact cellular mechanisms.
