Volume 26, Issue 3 (10-2024)
yafte 2024, 26(3): 1-12 |
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Monfaredi M, Ghiasi M, Movahedi M, Torabzadeh P. Evaluation of the malformation effects of phenobarbital on BALB/c mouse embryos on the third to sixth days of pregnancy. yafte 2024; 26 (3) :1-12
URL: http://yafte.lums.ac.ir/article-1-3719-en.html
URL: http://yafte.lums.ac.ir/article-1-3719-en.html
Department of Biology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran & Department of Biology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Abstract: (390 Views)
Background: Phenobarbital is a sedative drug that belongs to the barbiturate class. Barbiturates work by reducing the excitability of neurons. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of phenobarbital on the embryos of adult female BALB/c mice.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 60 adult female BALB/c mice weighing approximately 24 to 26 g were classified into six groups: control, sham, and treatment groups. Phenobarbital ampoules were used for the study, and the lethal dose (LD50) in vivo was calculated to be 3.84 ml/kg.bw. Intraperitoneal injections were administered on days 3, 4, 5, and 6 of pregnancy. On day 7 of pregnancy (following the last injection), the mice were euthanized, weighed, and dissected. Their uterus and ovaries were rinsed with sterile physiological serum and evaluated both microscopically and macroscopically. The results obtained were analyzed using SPSS software and subjected to an ANOVA test.
Results: Based on the results of the study, phenobarbital caused syndactyly (gluing of fingers and toes), exohepatic, exencephaly, spinabifida, lack of motor organ formation, asymmetry in motor organ orientation, liver enlargement, weight loss, CR size reduction, subcutaneous hemorrhages, C-shaped body, and umbilical hernia. Additionally, a significant decrease (P<0.05) was reported in fetal weight, placental weight, placental diameter, and CR.
Conclusion: The current study indicated that phenobarbital likely has a negative impact on embryos during the embryonic development stage, leading to miscarriage, abnormalities, and infertility. Therefore, serious precautions should be taken to avoid the use of this drug during pregnancy.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 60 adult female BALB/c mice weighing approximately 24 to 26 g were classified into six groups: control, sham, and treatment groups. Phenobarbital ampoules were used for the study, and the lethal dose (LD50) in vivo was calculated to be 3.84 ml/kg.bw. Intraperitoneal injections were administered on days 3, 4, 5, and 6 of pregnancy. On day 7 of pregnancy (following the last injection), the mice were euthanized, weighed, and dissected. Their uterus and ovaries were rinsed with sterile physiological serum and evaluated both microscopically and macroscopically. The results obtained were analyzed using SPSS software and subjected to an ANOVA test.
Results: Based on the results of the study, phenobarbital caused syndactyly (gluing of fingers and toes), exohepatic, exencephaly, spinabifida, lack of motor organ formation, asymmetry in motor organ orientation, liver enlargement, weight loss, CR size reduction, subcutaneous hemorrhages, C-shaped body, and umbilical hernia. Additionally, a significant decrease (P<0.05) was reported in fetal weight, placental weight, placental diameter, and CR.
Conclusion: The current study indicated that phenobarbital likely has a negative impact on embryos during the embryonic development stage, leading to miscarriage, abnormalities, and infertility. Therefore, serious precautions should be taken to avoid the use of this drug during pregnancy.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
جنین شناسی
Received: 2024/04/2 | Accepted: 2024/06/29 | Published: 2024/10/1
Received: 2024/04/2 | Accepted: 2024/06/29 | Published: 2024/10/1
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